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初中英语语法总结一览表

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初中英语语法总结一览表

初中英语语法总结一览表

语法项目构成用法表示经常性的动作或状态象征词规则变化不规则变化例句Hegoestoschooleveryday.Ioftenhavelunchathome.Hewrotealetteryesterday.Istudiedhardlastyear.Areyougoingtoread?Heiscomingtomorrow.Tomiswritingnow.Theyarelyingonthebed.动词用原形一般现在时三人称单数-s/es动词用过去时一般过去时Bewas/werebegoingto+V原一般将来时will/shall+V原Everyoftenalwayson天in一般-ses辅have----has月、季、节、年。音+y---ies/In1998一般/去e双写go-wentcome-came/辅+y结尾-do-didleave-left等iedGocomeleavestayfly等用进行表将来ago/justnow表过去某个、段时间内last/yesterday等动作及状态在将来某个时间或某段时要做的事tomorrow/afternext/tonightin201*现在进行时be+doinglistenlooknow表此时此刻正进行的动allthetimeDon’t…作或状态一般去e双写tiedielie+ing变ie为y加ing含糊的频率现在完成时have/has+PP发生在过去影响在现在词alreadyjustneverever现在完成进行have/hasbeen+doing的动作或状态等was/were+doing.过去进行时多用于复合句中had+动过去分词过去完成时多用于复合句中atthistimeyesterday表在过去某时间正在进lastSundayevening行的动作bythetime+过去时该动作发生在过去的过whenafterbefore去副分词规则的同不规则的动词的过去分Ihavebeenteachingfor8过去式是一样词需逐个记忆years.的Hehassleptfortwodays.一般去e双写tiedielie+ing变ie为y加ing规则的分词构需要逐个记忆成与过去时一详见不规则动词表样的HewasreadingatthattimelastFridayWehadlearnt201*wordsbytheendoflastyear.语法项目构成用法象征词规则变化不规则变化例句Hesaidthathewouldcomeherethenextday.Sheisthetallinthetwo.HerunsfasterthanTom.Sheisthemostbeautifulinherclass.(最高级加the)would+V原形过去将来时多用宾语从句中比较级形式后--er前加more形容副词名词名词比较用more最高级形式后-est前加most形容副词名词名词比较用most过去看来将要发生的动Hesaidthathe…thenextday.作或状态表示两个人、物之间进行比较时than/much/alittlefar/inthetwo等一般/去e双写good/wellbetter/辅+y结尾-much/manymoreier一般/去e双写bad/ill/badly-worst/辅+y结尾-far-farther-farthestiest大于等于三个人、物之inthe+比较范围间进行比较ofthe具体的数字动词不定式作主语作宾语作宾补todo没有人称ToreadishelpfulforHewantstobuyaIhearhimsingyesterday和数的变化anybodynow.dictionary.Tomtoldmetoopenit.作表语作状语作定语HisjobistoHe’llgotoseeadoctorHehasmuchhomeworktakecareoftomorrow.todoeveryday.children.状语从句宾语从句定语从句主从复合句句子作状语(时间地点原因条件让步比较)句子作宾语(语序、时态、引导词、客观事实)句子作定语(修饰名词或代词的句子、注意先行词)HewaswritingaletterwhenIcamein。HeaskedmeifIhadbeentoBeijingbefore.Isawthemanwhowasstealingmybikeyesterday主动结构与被动结构

主动语态:主语(人、物)+谓语+宾语WespeakEnglish.动作执行者+及物动词+动作承受者主语谓语宾语被动语态:主语(人、物)+bePP+by宾语Englishisspokenbyus动作承受者+bePP+by动作执行者在被动语态中没有可以省to的不定式宾改主谓语动词bePP主by宾主动变被动,先找主、谓、宾,宾改主、主by宾,代词变格要细心,谓语动词bepp,时态随主、数随被PP是及物动词的过去分词加ed或不规则详见表被动句的时态(be)随主动句的时态(do)人称和数应随被动句的主语(am、is、are、was、were等)

扩展阅读:初中英语语法总结一览表

初中英语语法总结一览表

★清华大学★英语系测试:为中学英语量身定做.官方网站:清华大学英语教授50年研究成果

初中英语语法总结一览表语法项目构成用法象征词规则变化不规则变化例句Everyoftenalways一般-seshave----has动词用原形一般现在三人称单数-s表示经常性的on天in月、季、节、辅音+时动作或状态年。y---ies/esHegoestoschooleveryday.Ioftenhavelunchathome.ago/justnow/In1998一般/去ego-wentcome-cameHewrotealetter动词用过去时表过去某个、段一般过去last/yesterday等双写/辅+do-didleave-left等yesterday.Bewas/时间内动作及时y结尾-Istudiedhardlastwere状态iedyear.begoingto+在将来某个时tomorrow/afterGocomeleavestayAreyougoingto一般将来V原间或next/tonightinfly等用进行表将来read?时will/shall+某段时要做的201*HeiscomingV原事tomorrow.一般去etiedielie表此时此刻正listenlooknowTomiswritingnow.现在进行变ie为y加ingTheyarelyingonbe+doing进行的动作或allthetimeDon’t…双写时+ing状态thebed.语法项目构成现在完成时现在完成进行用法象征词规则变化不规则变化例句have/has分词规则不规则的动词的过Ihavebeenteaching发生在过去影含糊的频率副+PP响在现在的动词alreadyjustnever的同过去去分词需逐个记忆for8years.have/hasever式是一样Hehassleptfortwo作或状态等been+doing的days.was/wereatthistimeyesterday一般去etiedielie表在过去某时.过去进行+doinglastSundayevening双写变ie为y加ingHewasreadingatthattime时多用于复合句间正在进行的+ing动作lastFriday中had+动过去bythetime+过去时规则的分需要逐个记忆Wehadlearnt201*过去完成分词该动作发生在whenafterbefore词构成与详见不规则动词表words时多用于复合句过去的过去过去时一bytheendoflast中样的year.would+V原过去看来将要Hesaidthathe过去将来形Hesaidthathe…thewouldcomeherethe时多用宾语从句发生的动作或nextday.状态nextday.中比较级形后--er前加表示两个人、物一般/去egood/wellbetterSheisthetallinthe式more之间进行比较than/much/alittle双写/辅+much/manymoretwo.形容副词名词比较用时far/inthetwo等y结尾-Herunsfasterthan名词moreierTom.最高级形后-est前加一般/去ebad/ill/badly-worstSheisthemost大于等于三个式mostinthe+比较范围双写/辅+far-farther-farthestbeautiful人、物之间进行形容副词名词比较用ofthe具体的数字y结尾-inherclass.(最高级比较名词mostiest加the)动词不定作主语作宾语作宾补作表语作状语作定语语法项目构成用法象征词规则变化不规则变化例句式ToreadisHewantstoIhearhimsingHisjobisHe’llgotoseeaHehasmuchtodo没有helpfulforbuyayesterdaytotakedoctortomorrow.homework人称和数anybodydictionary.Tomtoldmetoopencareoftodoeveryday.的变化now.it.children.状语从句宾语从句定语从句句子作状语(时间地点原因条句子作宾语(语序、时态、引导句子作定语(修饰名词或代词的句子、主从复合件让步比较)词、客观事实)注意先行词)句HewaswritingaletterwhenIHeaskedmeifIhadbeentoIsawthemanwhowasstealingmybikecamein。Beijingbefore.yesterday主动语态:主语(人、物)+谓语+宾语主动变被动,先找主、谓、宾,宾改主、动作执行者+及物动词+WespeakEnglish.主by宾,代词变格要细心,谓语动词主动结构动作承受者主语谓语宾语bepp,时态随主、数随被与被动语态:主语(人、物)+beEnglishisspokenbyusPP是及物动词的过去分词加ed或不被动结构PP+by宾语规则详见表动作承受者+bePP+by动宾改主谓语动词bePP主被动句的时态(be)随主动句的时态(do)作执行者by宾人称和数应随被动句的主语(am、is、在被动语态中没有可以省toare、was、were等)的不定式

★清华大学★英语系测试:为中小学生英语量身定做.官方网站:清华大学英语教授50年研究成果

初二(上)英语第一单元评估试题一.英汉互译:10%1.2.3.4.5.

准时_________6.howtospell良好的祝愿7.forexample不得不8.makeEnglishfun浪费食物9.not...anymore教师节10.Mother’sDay二.填写所缺字母:5%1.2.3.

—James‖isag________name.

Thankyouforh________mewiththework.Thet_________muststopwhenthelightsarered.4.5.6.7.8.9.

Sheisaquietgirl.Shen_________talksmuch.I’ma________I’venoidea.TViss________fortelevision.

Youmuststandupw________theteachercallsyourname.Peopledon’tuseMr,MrsorMsb________theirfirstnames.Tomanypeople,them________ofanameisimportant.

10.InEngland,thefamilynamecomesl________.三.用所给词的适当形式填空:10%1.2.3.4.5.

Annoftengoes________withhermotheronSundays.(shop)I’llcomehere________nexttime.(early)Listen!Mike________aChinesesong.(sing)

Weoftenhavegreatfun________onthefarm.(work)Thecolourofyourcoatis________frommine(difference)6.7.8.9.

Septemberisthe_________monthoftheyear.(nine)Sheoften________TVonFridayevening.(watch)Thetrain________atsixo’clock.(leave)Shelikes________inthemorning.(read)

10.Oneofthe________isMissGao.She________Englishverywell.(teach)四.选择填空:25%1.

Welcome________home.

A.toB.backC.backtoD.backmy2.

Whatdoyoucall________?

A.forshortB.shortforC.forlongD.longfor3.

Mymotherwantsme________withher.

A.goshoppingB.togoshoppingC.togotoshopD.togotoshopping4.

Heiswriting—Goodluck________you‖onthecard.A.forB.atC.withD.to5.

LessonTwois_________ofthisbook.

A.asecondlessonB.lessonsecondC.thesecondlessonD.thelessonsecond6.

Thankfor________ussowell.

A.teachingB.teachC.toteachingD.toteach7.

I’mgoingtoShanghai________month.

A.lastB.innextC.inthisD.next8.

Theseareournewstudents________Idon’tknowmanyofthem.A.andB.butC.soD.because9.

Their________thirdclassbeginsat9:30.

A.theB./C.aD.this10.Canyougiveapieceofpaper_______me?A.toB.forC.withD./

11.Herearesomeflowers_________you_________ourbest________.

A.for,to,wishesB.for,with,wishesC.to,for,wishD.of,to,wish12.InEngland,thelastnameisthe_______.

A.givennameB.middlenameC.familynameD.fullname13.Wecan’tcall—ElizabethGreen‖_________ifshe’snotmarried(结婚).

A.MissElizabethB.MissGreenC.ElizabethD.Liz14.MrZhangasksme________himacall.

A.giveB.givingC.givesD.togive15.Ihave________totellyou.

A.importantsomethingB.importantnothingC.somethingimportantD.anythingimportant

16.Tomwithhistwofriends________goingshoppingtomorrowmorning.A.areB.isC.willD.can

17.Canyougiveusatalkabout________betweenChineseandEnglishnames?A.differentB,difference

C.thedifferentD.thedifference

18.---I’msorry.Yourpencilisbroken.---________.

A.GivememypenB.ThankyouC.Itdoesn’tmatterD.Allright19.It’stoohottoday.Howabout________inthelake?

A.goforaswimB.haveaswimC.swimD.havingaswim20.Don’tdothat!It’sjust________.

A.awasteoftimeB.awastetimeC.wasteoftimeD.awasteoftimes21.Theman________oftengoestoworkonfoot.

A.callsTomB.callTomC.calledTomD.iscalled22.Philliptellsthemthat—ph‖________an—f‖.

A:soundlikeB.soundlikesC.soundslikesD.soundslike23.Iknowonly________aboutEnglishnames.

A.alittleB.littleC.lotD.alot24.---Isitgoingtoraintomorrow?--_________.

---That’stoobad!Idon’tliketherain.

A.IhopesoB.I’mafraidnotC.I’mafraidso25._________ofyoumustdoeyeexerciseseveryday.

A.EveryB.EveryoneC.Everyone五.完成对话,每空一词:10%

A:Hi,areyounewhere?

B:Yes,I____1____.Whataboutyou?A:____2____,too.____3____areyoufrom?B:I’mfromCanada.What____4____you?A:Smallworld,I’mfrom____5____,too.D.I’mnotafraidD.Noone

B:Which____6____areyoufrom?A:I’mfromToronto.MynameisSandra.___7___you?B:MynameisThomas.Youcancallme____8____forshort.A:OK,Tom.

B:CanIcallyou____9____forshort?A:Sure,____10____problem.六.句型转换:10%1.

CallmeJames,please.(否定句)Please________________meJames.2.

Tomhassomehomeworktodoeveryday.(一般疑问句)________Tom_______________homeworktodoeveryday?3.

Doesheswimintheriver?(改为现在进行时)________he________intheriver?4.HanMeiisgoingtobuyacardtomorrow.(划线提问)________isshegoingto_________tomorrow?

5.TodayisWednesday.(划线提问)________________istoday?

6.Hehastodohouseworkafterschool.(否定句)He________________todohouseworkafterschool.

7.TodaywearegoingtolearnLessonTwenty-one.(同义句)Wewilllearn________________________today.

8.Whynotcomewithus?(同义句)Why________you________withus?

9.Heisthinkinghowheisgoingtousethecomputer.(同义句)Heisthinking________________usethecomputer.

七.完形填空10%InChina,mostpeople’snameshave____1____parts,the____2____namesandthefamilynames.Onepersonmayhave____3____names.Forexample,whentheyareveryyoungand____4____home,theyusuallyhavenicknames.Atschooltheyusetheir____5____names.Ifsomeone____6____awriter,heorshehasapenname.Newyoungcouples(夫妇)becomevery____7____whentheynametheirchild.____8____thenameshavespecialmeanings.Someshowtheirparents’____9____.Girls’namesshowthattheirparentswantthemtobenice.Boys’namesareoftenuseful____10_____thecountry.

1.A.twoB.secondC.threeD.third2.A.familyB.givenC.middleD.full3.A.muchB.alotC.manyD.alittle4.A.inB.atC.ofD.with5.A.penB.givenC.fullD.family6.A.beB.isC.areD.was7.A.sadB.happyC.angryD.careful8.A.SomeB.BothC.OneD.Mostof9.A.headB.hopeC.ideaD.name10.A.toB.inC.aboutD.at八.阅读理解:10%

Tomisalittleboy,andheisonlysevenyearsold.Heoftengoestotheparkandthefruitshophimself.Sometimeshismothertakeshimtothemuseum.

Onedayhegoestoacinema.Itisthefirsttimeforhimtodothat.Hebuysaticketandthengoesin.Butaftertwoorthreeminuteshecomesout,buysasecondticketandgoesinagain.Afterafewminuteshecomesoutagainandbuysathirdticket.Twoorthreeminuteslaterhecomesoutandasksforanotherticket.Thenthegirlintheticketofficeasksbeforegivinghimtheticket,—Whydoyoubuysomanytickets?Howmanyfriendsdoyoumeet?‖Tomanswers,—No.Ihavenofriendshere.Butabigboyalwaysstopsmeatthedoorandtears(撕)myticketintopieces.‖

1.Tomdoesn’tgoto________himself.A.theparkB.thefruitshopC.themuseumD.thecinema

2.Itis________timeforTomtogotothecinema.

A.thefirstB.thesecondC.thethirdD.thefourth3.HowmanyticketsdoesTombuyfromtheticketoffice?

A.OneB.TwoC.ThreeD.Four4.Whichofthefollowingsentencesistrue?

A.Tomgoestothecinemawithsomefriendsoneday.B.Tomgoestothecinemaforsometimes.

C.Tomthinksthebigboyletshiminafterhetearsthetickets.D.Tomdoesn’tunderstandwhatthebigboydoes.5.Thebigboyinthecinemais________.

A.ateacherB.aworkerC.afriendD.astudent九.书面表达:10%十.请你用英语给你的英语老师写一张教师节的贺卡初二(上)英语第一单元评估试题答案一.英汉互译:10%

1.ontime2.bestwishes3.haveto4.awasteoffood5.Teachers’Day6.如何拼写7.例如8.使得英语有趣9.再也不10.母亲节二.填写所缺字母:5%

1.given2.helping3.traffic4.never5.afraid6.short7.when8.before9.meaning10.last三.用所给词的适当形式填空:10%

1.shopping2.earlier3.issinging4.(in)working5.different6.ninth7.watches8.leaves9.reading10.teachers,teaches四.选择填空:25%

1.B2.A3.B4.D5.C6.A7.D8.C9.B10.A11.B12.C13.A14.D15.C16.B17.D18.C19.D20.A21.C22.D23.A24.C25.B五.完成对话,每空一词:10%

1.am2.Me3.Where4.about5.Canada6.city7.And8.Tom9.Sandy10.no六.句型转换:10%

1.don’tcall2.Does,haveany3.Is,swimming4.What,do5.Whatday6.doesn’thave7.thetwenty-firstlesson8.don’t,come9.how,to七.完形填空:10%

1.A2.B3.C4.B5.C6.B7.D8.D9.C10.A八.阅读理解:10%

1.C2.A3.C4.D5.B九.书面表达:10%略

★清华大学★英语系测试:为中小学生英语量身定做.官方网站:清华大学英语教授50年研究成果

连词专项训练

1、Idon’tlikereadingwatchingTV.Whataboutyou?—Idon’tlikereadingallday,IlikewatchingTVplays.‖A.and,butB.and,andC.or,andD.or,but2、Youwon’tknowthevalue(价值)ofthehealthyouloseit.A.untilB.afterC.whenD.because3、WeboughtGrannyapresent,shedidn’tlikeit.A.butB.andC.orD.so4、Studyhard,youwillpasstheexam.

A.soB.forC.butD.and5、Putonmoreclothes,you’llcatchcold.

A.andB.forC.orD.but6、Myshoesarewornout,Ineednewones.A.soB.ifC.becauseD.and7、Heranfasthewontherace.

A.enough…toB.so…thatC.too…toD.both…and8、Heisonlytenmonths.Hecanreadwrite.

A.either…orB.neither…norC.both…andD.so…that9、ShesaidshemightcomeSaturdaySunday.

A.neither…norB.nither…orC.too…toD.so…that10、IfTomMikeasksfortheircar,tellhimtocometomorrow.A.orB.andC.withD.but

11、Itwasalreadyteno’clockwegottothemuseumthismorning.A.thatB.whenC.ifD.for12、It’salongtimewemetlast.

A.soB.afterC.sinceD.before13、Thatmathsproblemisdifficultnobodycandoit.A.too…toB.very…thatC.so…thatD.very…but14、I’llgiveherthemessageshecomesback.

A.sinceB.beforeC.untilD.assoonas

15、theteachercameintotheclassroom,manystudentsweretalkingtoeachother.A.WhileB.IfC.SinceD.When16、Peopleoftenmistakeusforeachotherwearetwins.

A.ifB.whenC.becauseD.after17、Couldyoutellmeinyourhometowninwinter?

A.ifitoftensnowedB.whetherdoesitoftensnowC.ifitoftensnowD.whetheritoftensnows

18、AreyousureMr.Liwillcometoyourbirthdayparty?A.ifB.thatC.forD.when19、LilyLucylikesinging.

A.Either…orB.Beither…nor…C.Both…andD.So…that20、Readthesentencesslowlywecanunderstandwhatyouread.A.sothatB.beforeC.untilD.because

【答案】:

一、

1、D6、A11、B16、C2、A7、B12、C17、D3、A8、B13、C18、B4、D9、B14、D19、C5、C10、A15、D20、A

★清华大学★英语系测试:为中小学生英语量身定做.官方网站:清华大学英语教授50年研究成果

初中英语语法总结一览表语法项目构成用法象征词规则变化不规则变化例句Hegoestoschooleveryday.Ioftenhavelunch一般现在动词用原形表示经常性的Everyoftenalways一般-seshave----has三人称单数-s动作或状态on天in月、季、节、辅音+时/es年。y---ies语法项目构成用法象征词规则变化不规则变化例句athome.动词用过去时表过去某个、段ago/justnow/In1998一般/去ego-wentcome-cameHewrotealetter一般过去Bewas/双写/辅+do-didleave-left等yesterday.时间内动作及last/yesterday等时y结尾-Istudiedhardlastwere状态iedyear.begoingto+在将来某个时tomorrow/afterGocomeleavestayAreyougoingto一般将来V原间或next/tonightinfly等用进行表将来read?时will/shall+某段时要做的201*HeiscomingV原事tomorrow.一般去etiedielie表此时此刻正listenlooknowTomiswritingnow.现在进行be+doing进行的动作或allthetimeDon’t…双写变ie为y加ingTheyarelyingon时+ing状态thebed.现在完成have/has含糊的频率副分词规则不规则的动词的过Ihavebeenteaching发生在过去影时+PP词alreadyjustnever的同过去去分词需逐个记忆for8years.响在现在的动现在完成have/hasever式是一样Hehassleptfortwo作或状态等进行been+doing的days.was/were表在过去某时atthistimeyesterday一般去etiedielieHewasreadingat.过去进行+doinglastSundayevening双写变ie为y加ing间正在进行的thattime时多用于复合句动作+inglastFriday中had+动过去bythetime+过去时规则的分需要逐个记忆Wehadlearnt201*过去完成分词该动作发生在whenafterbefore词构成与详见不规则动词表words时过去的过去多用于复合句过去时一bytheendoflast语法项目构成用法象征词规则变化不规则变化例句中样的year.would+V原过去看来将要Hesaidthathe过去将来形Hesaidthathe…thewouldcomeherethe时多用宾语从句发生的动作或nextday.状态nextday.中比较级形后--er前加表示两个人、物一般/去egood/wellbetterSheisthetallinthe式more之间进行比较than/much/alittle双写/辅+much/manymoretwo.形容副词名词比较用时far/inthetwo等y结尾-Herunsfasterthan名词moreierTom.最高级形后-est前加一般/去ebad/ill/badly-worstSheisthemost大于等于三个式mostinthe+比较范围双写/辅+far-farther-farthestbeautiful人、物之间进行形容副词名词比较用ofthe具体的数字y结尾-inherclass.(最高级比较名词mostiest加the)动词不定作主语作宾补作表语作状语作宾语作定语式ToreadisIhearhimsingHisjobisHe’llgotoseeaHewantstoHehasmuchtodo没有helpfulforyesterdaytotakedoctortomorrow.buyahomework人称和数anybodyTomtoldmetoopencareofdictionary.todoeveryday.的变化now.it.children.状语从句宾语从句定语从句句子作状语(时间地点原因条句子作宾语(语序、时态、引导句子作定语(修饰名词或代词的句子、主从复合件让步比较)词、客观事实)注意先行词)句HewaswritingaletterwhenIHeaskedmeifIhadbeentoIsawthemanwhowasstealingmybikecamein。Beijingbefore.yesterday主动结构主动语态:主语(人、物)+谓WespeakEnglish.主动变被动,先找主、谓、宾,宾改主、与语+宾语主语谓语宾语主by宾,代词变格要细心,谓语动词语法项目构成用法象征词规则变化不规则变化例句被动结构动作执行者+及物动词+Englishisspokenbyus动作承受者被动语态:主语(人、物)+be宾改主谓语动词bePP主PP+by宾语by宾动作承受者+bePP+by动作执行者在被动语态中没有可以省to的不定式简要搜集了一些信息希望对大家有用

bepp,时态随主、数随被PP是及物动词的过去分词加ed或不规则详见表被动句的时态(be)随主动句的时态(do)人称和数应随被动句的主语(am、is、are、was、were等)★清华大学★英语系测试:为中小学生英语量身定做.官方网站:清华大学英语教授50年研究成果

初二英语上册知识点(短语、句型)MODULE1、如有always,often,usually,sometimes,seldom,never,oncea....,every...用一般现在时,第一、二人称复数后跟动词原形,第三人称单数后跟动词加"s"/"es"。

2、如有now,look!,listen,atthemoment....用现在进行时,结构是be(am,is,are)+v-ing

3、如有tomorrow,thedayaftertomorrow,fromnowon,in+一段时间,someday,next....用一般将来时,结构:will+v原\\begoingto+v原(没有动词用be)

4、如有yesterday,......ago,last....justnow.....用一般过去时动词加edgivesb.Sth.=givesth.tosb.给某人某物everyday每天,

writedown写下,记下writeit(them)downeveryday每天的,日常的,howaboutdoingsth.=whataboutdoingsth.做....怎么样eachother互相.thanksalot=thankyouverymuch非常谢谢

回答That"sallright.=You"rewelcome.=That"OK.=It"smypleasure.=Notatall.Whydon"tyou+V原...=whynot+...V原为什么不helpsb.withsth.在某方面帮助别人helpsb.(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事withone"shelp=withthehelpofsb.在某人的帮助helponeselftosth.请自用食物watchsb.dosth.看到某人做了某事,(现在没有做,做过)watchsb.doingsth.看到某人正在做某事(正在做)see,hear类似

remembertodosth.想起记得要做某事,未做事rememberdoingsth.相起记得做过某事forgettodosth.忘记要做某事forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事welcomeback欢迎回来,newterm新学期thisterm这学期,nextterm下学学期,

lastterm上学期,giveyousomeadvice给你一些建议whynot为什么不,makeamistake=makemistakes犯错误correctspelling正确的拼写,whatelse?=whatotherthings?还有什么

apieceofadvice一条建议,follow/takeone"sadvice采用别人的建议,sendsthtosb.=sendsb.sth.寄给某人sendfor派人去请/取sendup发射.allthetime一直

enjoyoneself=haveagoodtime=haveagreattime=havefun,玩得愉快lotsof=alotof=many(可数)\\much(不可数)许多,,spend:sb.spendsometimeonsth.某人花费时间做某事

sb.spendsometime(in)doingsth.某人花费时间做某事Sb.spendsomemoneyonsth.某人花费钱买某物Sb.spendsomemoney(in)buyingsth.某人花费钱买某物Cost:sth.costsb.somemoney某物花去某人钱pay:sb.paysomemoneyforsth.某人支付钱

Take:Ittakes(took)sb.sometimetodosth.做某事花去某人时间askfor请求,要求,asksb.forsth.向某人要某物asksb.todosth.要求某人做某事apieceof一块

enjoydoingsth喜欢做某事.finish,practise,mind,miss,consider,keep,continue,这些词语后跟动名词形式V-ing

placesth.in=putsth.in把某物放在…里面

else常修饰不定代词,关系代词或副词,也可修饰all,much,little等,else要位于其后。所有格为else"s.takeadeepbreath深呼吸,catch\\holdone"sbreath屏住呼吸,outofbreath上气不接下气,wishsb.todosth.希望某人做某事,

thenumberof…的数目,后跟名词复数,动词用三单,anumberof=many,大量,许多后跟名词复数,动词用复数形式。alargenumberof,asmallnumberof,

invitesb.todosth.邀请某人做某事find+it+adj+todosth.发现做某事怎么样trytodosth.尽力做事trydoingsth.尝试做某事

trynottodosth.尽力不做某事tryone"sbest尽某人最大的努力,agroupof一组,一群,borrowsthfromsb.从某人处借入某物,lendsth.tosb=lendsb.sth.借给某人某物keep借一段时间practicedoingsth.,练习做做某事comefrom=befrom来自,lookfor寻找,lookafter=carefor=takecareof照顾lookup向上看,查阅,looklike看起来像,lookat看着,lookonsb.as把某人看作,

lookforwardtodoingsth.盼望,期待做某事lookover检查,翻阅,lookout当心,向外看,lookthrough仔细查看,

bereadyfor=getreadyfor=preparefor为…,beready准备好,be(get)readytodosth.准备做某事,乐意做某事translate…into…将…译成…,

takeamessage捎个信,leaveamessage留个信,begoodfor对…有好处,begoodat=dowellin擅长于…bepoorat=bebadat=dobadlyin=beweakin不擅长…Thinkof想起,thinkabout想出,thinkover仔细考虑,

else修饰不定代词something,everything,anything,nothing,somebody,anybody,nobody和who,what,when,where时放后,

四说,1,speak说语言,2.say说内容,3,talk与谁说,4,tell告诉,讲述,四看,1,watch观看电视,比赛和表演,2,see看人,电影,医生,风景,

3,read看书,报,4,look就看。看场电影要用see,读书看报用read电视、戏剧、比赛,凡是表演用watch,observe细观察,一时注意用notice.

make+宾语+补足语(形容词)使某人某物怎么样。.make+宾语+do让某人做某事

make+宾语+过去分词使某人被怎么样;makefriendswithsb.与某人交朋友,hearof听说,hearfrom收到某人的来信,

bebadfor对…有害,itis+adj.+ofsb+todosth.写性格,品质kind,goodnice,right,wrong,clever,careless,polite,foolish等。

Itis+adj+forsb+todosth.对物的评价difficult,easyhard,dangerous,important,等writeto…给…写信,nextto在…旁边,dosomeconcerts办音乐会,speaktosb.和某人讲话,sayhellotosb.给某人问好,saybyetosb.向某人说再见,showsb.aroundsomewhere带某人参观某地,learnsthfromsb.向某人学习

choosethecorrectanswers选择正确答案,correctthemistakes改错,match…with…把…和…搭配起来

建议:1.whydon"tyoudosth?=whynotdosth?2.Howaboutdoingsth?=whataboutdoingsth?3.Youshould/candosth.4.Remembertodosth.5.Don"tforgettodosth.6.canyoudosth?7.Let"sdosth.8.It"sagoodideatodo9.wouldyouliketodo?10.Shallwedo11.You"dbetter(not)dosth.回答:That"sagoodidea.Thanksalot.

Great,OK.That"sright.Allright.Goodidea.Sure.同类比较except,加for异类记心间。

He"scompositionisgood,exceptforsomespellingmistakes.

他的这篇作文写得很好,只是有几处拼写错误。(非同类比较用exceptfor)

Shewasallaloneintheworldexceptforanoldaunt.除了有一个老姑妈,她别无亲人。Annafeltdisappointedwhenshefoundouttheyhadgoneswimmingwithouther.(without=except)当安娜发现除她外,他们都去游泳了,她感到很失望。

LionHeadHillisnotworthseeingexceptforitsoldtemples.除了那些古寺以外,狮头山没什么可看的。Amongotherthings,weareinterestedindrawing.

我们对图画和别的一些东西很感兴趣。(among之内即包括在内)原状becauseof,owingto,dueto表语形容词

例:Owingtoourjointefforts,thetaskwasfulfilledaheadofschedule.由于我们的共同努力,任务提前完成了。

注:Owingto和becauseof都做原因状语,而dueto只能做表语形容词。所以此句。原因状语。

AIIourachievementsareduetothecorrectleadershipofourParty.

owingto的介词短语做我们的一切成绩都归功于党。(dueto做表语形容词)Under后接修、建中,of,from物化分

例:Theroadisunderrepairnow.这条路正在修建中。

Thenowrailwayisstillunderconstruction.新铁路尚在修筑中。(不能用in)underdiscussion在讨论中(不能用in)underconsiderate在考虑中(不能用in)Thedeskismadeofwood.桌子是木头做的。(物理变化用of)

Thewineismadefromgrape.这种酒是用葡萄酿造的。(化学变化用from)Thebridgeismadeofsteel.这座桥是钢制的。(物理变化)Steelismadefromiron.钢是由铁炼成的。(化学变化)before,after表一点,ago,later表示一段

即before,after常表示一个点的时间状语,而ago,later常表示一段的时间状语。例如:前天thedaybeforeyesterday;前年theyearbeforelast;大上星期theweekbeforelast等等都表示点状语的。

要想准确无误地使用好before和ago,after和later比较困难,但要是以"点"和"段"来区别就容易得多。例:晚饭前beforesupper

解放前beforeliberation1970年前before1970文革前beforeculturalrevolution国庆前beforeNationalDay入大学前beforecomingtocollege

这些都是"点"状语,因为1970年前即1970年1月1日前。国庆节即10月1日前。ago表示一段时间。例:一分钟前aminuteago半小时前halfanhourago两天前twodaysago一星期前aweekago五年前fiveyearsago

因为aminute,halfanhour,twodays,aweek,fiveyears等都表示一段时间,所以用等皆如此。

before可接完成时,ago过去级有限这时的before是连词(也可做介词)

例:Wehadscarcelyleftourschoolbeforeitbegantorain.我们刚离开学校,天就下雨了。(完成时)

IhadstudiedFrenchforfourmonthsbeforeIcamehere.我来这儿以前就已学了四个月法语了。(before接完成时)Hefellillthreedaysago.

ago。以及tendayslater他病了三天了。(ago则只能接动词过去式,同时注意瞬间动词的问题。)Helefttwomonthsago.两个月前他离开了。(同上)Imetherafewminutesago.我在几分钟前碰到他了。(同上)Since以来during间,since时态多变换与之相比beside,除了lastbutone。

即beside的一般用法是"在…旁边",但还有"和…相比"等特殊用法。

例:IfeltsoweakinspokenEnglishbesidethem.和他们相比,我感到我的口语太差。Besideworkandstudy,allelsewastrivial.同工作和学习比起来,其他一切都是小事。

除了lastbutone,即but多指"除了"的意思,也有"倒数第几"的意思。lastbutone即不是最后一个。例:Ihaven"ttoldanybodybutone.除了我爱人,我谁也没告诉。(除了)Whobutafoolwouldstudyforeignlanguagewellifheisahardworkingone.如果他勤奋好学的话,除了傻瓜谁都能学好外语。(除了)Lookatthelastpagebutone.请看倒数第2页。

Hewasthelastbutthreeinmathsexaminationthistime.他这次数学考试成绩倒数第四。Theyliveinthenexthousebutone.他们住在隔壁过去一家。复不定for、找,价,原,对,给,段,去,为,作,赞

复不定for,即用for引出的不定式复合结构,也就是for加名(代)加不定式;找,意为找到,提供;价,意为价格、工资;原,意为原因;段,意为时间或距离;去,意为去某地或开往某地;作,意为作为;赞,意为赞成(用于系表结构。)

例:Itishightimeforustostart.我们不该再迟延了。Themosturgentthingisforustogetthepreparationdone.最重要的事情是我们要把准备工作做好。

Idon"tthinkitadvisableforhimtostudymedicine.我想她学医不适合。Yourparentsandrelativesareanxiousforyoutogotocollege.你的父母和亲戚渴望你上大学。

Myhometownhaschangedtoomuchformetorecognize.我的家乡变化太大,简直认不出来了。以上例句都是for在不定式复合结构中的用法。

Someoneisaskingforyouonthetelephone.有人找你接电话。(找)You"dbetterwritetomeformoreinformationaboutit.如需更多这方面的资科和信息,你最好给我写信。(提问,索要)

Theyworkedinthecompanyfor200yuanamonth.他们在这个公司干活,每月嫌200元。(价格)Howmuchdidyoupayforthesecond-handcolourTV?这台用过的彩电你花了多少钱?(价格)Thankyouverymuchforyourcoming.谢谢您的光临。(原因)Thankyouforyourwarmhospitality.谢谢您的热情款待。(原因)Forgivemeforbeingtardy.请原谅我迟到了。(原因)I"mmuchobligedtoyoufortellingme.非常感谢你给我谈了这个情况。(原因)Wehaveboundlessadmirationforyourstruggle.对你们的斗争我们无限钦佩。(对)Listeningcomprehensionmaterialsaregoodfortrainingourminds.听力材料对训练我们的脑子根有好处。(对)

Takethebittermedicine.It"sgoodforyou.吃下这药吧,对你有好处。(对)Thereisatelegramfor这有一份王先生的电报。(给)MayIuseitforaminute?我用一会儿好吗?(一段时间)

Ifollowedthestealerforsomedistance.我跟踪那个小偷一段路。(一段距离)TheshipwasforDalian.这破船开往大连。(去某地)

WeareoffforShanghaitomorrow.明天我们去上海。(去某地)

Themedicineisforreducingyourtemperature.这药是退烧的。(为…目的)Afterbreakfast,I"llgoforastrollroundthetown.吃完饭我要在城里到处走走。(为…目的)

I"llkeepthelightergivenbyaforeignfriendforasouvenir.我要把外宾送给我的打火机作为纪念。(作为)

Itisonlymeantforajoke.这只是当笑话说说罢了。(作为)

Weareallforcuttingdownthecostofproduction.我们都赞成降低生产成本。(赞成)快到、对、向towards,工、学、军、城、上、北、南

例:It"sgettingontowardstheendoftermnow.现在已快到学期未了。(快到)Towardsmidnightmyhusbandcameback.快到半夜了我的丈夫才回来。(快到)Ourteacherwasverylenienttowardsus.我们的老师对我们很松。(对)Whatyouhaveinventedisreallyabigcontributiontowardsourcompany.你所发明的对我们公司确实是一大贡献。(对)

Theboycamerunningtowardshismother.那个男孩向他母亲跑去。(向着)所谓工、学、军、城、上、北、南,是说up和down的用法。这也是汉英翻译时要注意的。例如:招工,上大学,参军,进城,

上山,向北方等都属于up。而相反的下乡,向南,落榜等都属于down。"大军南下,北上抗日"大概由此而来。butfor否定用虚拟,复合介词待后言。butfor是"若不是"的意思。

例:ButforourgreatCommunistParty,wecouldneverhavetoday"shappiness.若没有伟大的共产党,我们决不会有今天的幸福生活。

Butforthischemicalthevapourinsidethesystemwouldnothavebeenabsorbedsocompletely.若没有这个化学剂的作用,系统内的蒸汽不可能被吸收得这么彻底。butfor将在虚拟语气中详讲。例:ingeneral一般说来inshort简言之inotherwords换言之inmyopinion依我看insimplewords简言之onthewhole基本上forinstance例如forshort简称afterall毕竟aboveall首先

此外考试中常出现的成语前置词也须牢记其用法。byappearance从外表bytheaidof借…的帮助byfar…得多bycourseof…照…常例byreasonof由于byrequest应邀byrightof由于凭借outofdate过时

outofharmonywith与…不一致outofharmonywith摆脱困境outofbounds超出权限outofproportionto与…不相称outofreach力量不及outofone"swits不知所措outofquestion没问题outofthequestion不可能的toagreatextent很大程度上toone"staste合…胃口toone"sthinking据…看来toone"sheart"scontent尽情地totheutmost尽力behindschedule不准时behindthetimes过时的behindthecurtain在幕后withinreach能力所及withinahair"sbreadth差-点withinastone"sthrowof在附近beyonddescription无法形容beyondreason毫无道理beyondreproach无可指责

beyondone"sexpectation超出…范围beyondexpression无法表达

ing型由于、鉴,除了,除外与包含。之后,关于,在…方面,有关介词须记全。

最后,英语中v.-ing分词转化而成的特殊介词,更须注意,根据其语法功能,把它们同现在分词,动名词和连同区分开来。即:

respecting由于,鉴于;considering由于,鉴于;excepting除了;concerning关于;exceptingfor除外;excluding除外;withoutexceptingsb.包含;including包括,包含;following在…之后;regarding关于;respecting在…方面;concerning有关;例:considering由于;

Consideringthattablesaltisthecommonestsourceofsodiuminfood,thedietusuallycallsforeatingsalt-freefoods.由于食盐是钠在食物中普遍的来源,医生给病人规定的,饮食通常要求吃无盐食品。respecting鉴于:

Respectingtheheavyrain,wehadtoputoffthematch.鉴于下大雨,我们不得不推迟了这场比赛。excepting除了:

excepting可单独使用,可以与always或否定词not连用,也可以与for,without之类介词连用。Exceptingoneofhisclosefriends,theywerepresentattheparty.除了他的一个挚友外,他们都来赴宴了。

Heisanhonestman,exceptingforhisquicktemper.

他是个老实人,只是("除了"脾气暴躁。(同类比较except,加for异类记心间)。Everybodyisinhighspirits,alwaysexceptinghim.大家都情绪高昂,唯他"除外"(例外)。Onlyafewsurvivorswithoutexceptinghimwerelivinginthesettlement.包括他在内,只有几个幸存者住在新拓居地。including包含:

Thenewapartmentconsistsofthreeroomsincludingthekitchen.这套公寓有三间,包括厨房。

following在…之后:相当于afterTheweekfollowinghisfirstvisittothenewsroomhewasappointededitoroftheimportantcolumn.在拜访该报社编辑部的"第二个"星期,他放任命为该报重要专栏的主笔。regarding关于:相当于aboutRegardingresearchinvestmentandnumberofresearchersengagedinthisfieldofresearch,theanoverwhelmingpositionfollowedbyJapan."关于"投入该领域研究的投资额和研究人员的数量,美国占压倒优势,其次是日本。respecting在…方面:Respectingeducation,health,medicalcareaswellasproductionandlabortechnologicaldevelopmentwillhavetobeevaluatedwithduethoughtgiventosocialsystemsandhumanism."在"教育、卫生、生产劳动"方面",评价技术的发展需根据社会制度和人道主义。concerning有关:

Thefollowingaresomeoftheargumentsbothprosandconsconcerningcomputers,thinking,andartificialintelligence.下面是"有关"计算机、思维和人工智能方面持赞成和反对态度的一些论据。

当然,这些ing型的介词,在句子中也有分词、动名词和连词的语法功能。excluding和including,表示排除与包含。

LastyearBritishsalestotheregionweremorethan$8billion,whileFrenchexports,excludingarmsbroughtinaround$3billion.去年,英国对这个地区的销售额达80多亿美元,而法国的出口额(武器除外)约为30亿美元。

StressmaydepletevitaminCinyourbody,ascansmoking,drinkingandavarietyofdrugs,notexceptingaspirin.生活紧张会耗尽你体内的维生素C,正如吸烟、饮酒、服用某些药物(包括阿斯匹林)一样。★清华大学★英语系测试:为中小学生英语量身定做.官方网站:清华大学英语教授50年研究成果

style

名词n.1.风格,作风[C][U]

2.文体;文风;语调[C][U]Theletteriswritteninaformalstyle.这封信以正式文体写成。3.风度;体面,时髦[U]Thatgentlemanhasgreatstyle.那位先生很有风度。4.(衣服等的)流行款式[C][U]Herhatisoutofstyle.她的帽子过时了。

5.(商品等的)种类,型,式样[C]You"llfindseveraldifferentstylesofarchitectureinthisstreet.在这条街上你会发现几种不同类型的建筑。

及物动词vt.1.称呼;命名[O9]Hestyledhimself"MisterClean".他自称是"清廉先生"。

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