201*高考英语语法知识点归纳总结:状语从句
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十一、状语从句
种类从属连词Whenwhenever例句说明WhenIcameintotheroom,hewaswritingaletter.当我进屋时,他正when指的是“某一具体的时间”在写信。whenever指的是“在任何时间”Weshallgotherewheneverwearefree.我们什么时间有空,我们就去那里。Iwaswalkingalongthestreetwhensuddenlysomeonepattedmeonwhen意为“这时”或“在那个时候”,可以theshoulderfrombehind.我正在街上走着,这时忽然有人从后面拍看作是并列句,这种用法的when分句一般我的肩膀。位于句末。Whileitwasraining,theywentout.天下雨的时候,他们出去了。Istayedwhilehewasaway.他不在的时候我在。Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent.他赶快回家,不时地一边走一边向后看。Beapupilbeforeyoubecomeateacher.先做学生,再做先生。Hearrivedafterthegamestarted.比赛开始后,他到了。Wewaitedtill(until)hecameback.我们一直等到他回来。while指“在某一段时间里”,“在期间”,while引导的动作必须是持续性的as引导持续性动作,强调主句和从句的动作同时发生如主句动词是持续性动作,常用肯定式,表示“直到为止”whenwhile时间状从asbeforeaftertilluntilShedidn’tstopworkinguntileleveno’clock.她到11点钟才停止工如主句动词是瞬间动词,常用否定式,表作。示“直才”“在以前不”,从句放在句首Untilhehadpassedoutofsight,shestoodthere.表示强调,一般用until她站在那里看着,直到看不见他的身影。GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChinasince1978.状语从句在主句之前时一般用逗号与主句自从1978年以来中国发生了巨大的变化。分开,如从句在主句之后则不必用标点符AssoonasIarriveinShanghai,I’llwritetoyou.我一到上海就给你写号。信。sinceassoonas版权所有@高考资源网高考资源网(ks5u.com)您身边的高考专家
hardlywhen和nosoonerthan的意义相我刚一到家,就下雨了。=HardlyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.当于assoonas,但只表示过去发生的事情,hardlywhenNosoonerhadwegottothestationthanthetrainleft.主句为过去完成时,从句为过去时,如我们刚到车站,火车就走了。hardly或nosooner位于句首时语气强,而nosoonerthanHardlyhadwebegunwhenweweretoldtostop.我们刚开始就被叫且主句的谓语要用部分倒装停。EverytimeItravelledbyboat,Igotseasick.我每次乘船都晕船。在时间状语从句中,不能用将来时或过去everytime,bytheThemomentIheardthesong,Ifeltcheerful.将来时,而要用现在时或过去时代替将来time,themoment等我一听到这首歌,就感到很愉快。时Nexttimeyoucome,you’llseehim.下次你来的时候,就会见到他。地点状从wherewhereverWherethereisawill,thereisaway.有志者,事竟成。where与wherever意义基本相同,但后者Wherethereiswaterthereislife.哪里有水,哪里就有生命。语气较强,多用于书面语Youarefreetogowhereveryoulike.你可以随意到你喜欢的任何地方去。Whereveryougo,youmustobeythelaw.无论你去哪都要遵守法律。IcamebacklateyesterdaybecauseIwasonduty.昨天我回来晚了,因because用来回答why的问题,语气最强为我值班。Sinceeveryoneishere,let’sbeginourmeeting.既然大家都到了,我since表示既然或全已知的理由,稍加分析即们开始开会。可表明的原因,多放句首Ashedidn’tknowmuchEnglish,helookedupthewordinthe从句常放在句首,说明原因,主句说明结dictionary.果,常用于口语中。由于他英语懂得不多,他在字典中查阅这个单词。Now(that)theweatherhasclearedup,wecanstartourjourney.nowthat,seeing鉴于天气已经晴朗,我们可以启程了。thatSeeing(that)hewasbadlyill,wesentforthedoctor.鉴于他病情严重,我们派人去请医生去了。seeing(that),nowthat和since,as意义相似,他们都有“鉴于某个事实”的意思,that可以省去Ihadhardlygothomewhenitbegantorain.becausesince原因状从as版权所有@高考资源网高考资源网(ks5u.com)您身边的高考专家
that目的状从sothatinorderthatlest=forfearthatsothatsothatIshallwritedownyourtelephonenumberthatImaynotforget.我要把你的电话号码记下来,以免忘记。We’lltellyouthetruthsothatyoucanjudgeforyourself.我把真实情况告诉你,使你能自己作出判断。Theyworkedharderthanusualinorderthattheycouldfinishtheworkaheadoftime.他们比往常更加努力工作,为了能提前完成工作。Putonmoreclotheslest(=forfearthat)youshouldcatchcold.多穿点衣服,以免感冒。目的状语从句中常用情态动词may(might)can(could),should等放在动词之前,从句往往放在主句之后,主从句之间不用任何标点符号结果状从suchthat条件状从ifunlessas/solongasincasesofarasWeturneduptheradio,sothateveryoneheardthenews.sothat前有逗号为结果状语从句我们把收音机的音量放大,大家都听到了新闻。sothat的so后面跟形容词或副词Hewassoexcitedthathecouldn’tsayaword.他十分激动,以致一句话都说不出来。Hegavesuchimportantreasonsthathewasexcused.suchthat的such后面跟名词,如果名词他说出了这么重要的理由,得到大家的谅解。是单数就要用sucha/anthat还可以转换Itissuchaninterestingnovelthatallofuswanttoreadit.用sothat,语气较强Itissointerestinganovelthatallofuswanttoreadit.这是一本十分有趣的书,大家都想看。Difficultiesarenothingifwearenotafraidofthem.unless从句的谓语只能用肯定式。unless和如果我们不怕困难,困难就算不了什么了。ifnot同义,unless是书面语,ifnot是Weshallgotheretomorrowunlessitrains.除非下雨,我们明天就去口语,通常二者可以换用那里。条件状语从句中的谓语动词的时态一般要=Weshallgotheretomorrowifitdoesn’train.用现在时或过去时代替一般将来时或过去So/Aslongasyouworkhard,youwillsucceed.将来时只要你努力工作,你就一定能成功。IncaseIforget,pleaseremindmeaboutit.万一我忘了,请提醒我一下。SofarasIknow,thebookwillbepublishednextmonth.版权所有@高考资源网高考资源网(ks5u.com)您身边的高考专家
方式状从让步状从据我所知,那本书下月出版。asDrawacatasItaughtyou.按照我教你的画一只猫。此处as译为:按照或正如Doasyouaretold.按照人家告诉你做的去做。asif或asthough的意义和用法基本一样。asifShelooksasifsheisill.看上去她好象是生病了。从句中可以用现在时表示可能符合事实,asthoughHeactedasif(though)nothinghadhappened.他的行动就好象什么也可以用虚拟语气也没有发生。Theytreattheblackboyasif(though)hewereananimal.他们对待这黑孩子仿佛他是一头牲口。Although(Though)hewasoversixty,(yet)hebegantolearnFrench.在句子中一般用了“虽然”就不能再用“但although虽然他六十多岁了,但仍开始学习法语。是”(but)但可以与yet或still连用。thoughthoughWewerenottiredthough(although)wehadworkedallday./although意义相同,用法基本一样,前者虽然我们干了一天活,但并不累。通俗,口语化,后者正式多放主句的前面I’llgoevenif(though)itrainstomorrow.即使明天下雨,我也要去。evenif和eventhough的意思为“即使”“纵evenif,eventhough使”有退一步设想的意味,多用于书面语中Childasheis,heknowsalot.虽然他是一个孩子,但他懂得很多。as引出的状语从句多用于书面语,它比用Coldasitis,(=Thoughitiscold,)thechildrenplayoutdoors.though或although引导的从句,语气强,as虽然天气冷,但孩子们仍在户外玩。更有表现力,从句常放在句首,语序部分倒装。Doitnomatterwhatotherssay.不管别人怎么说,尽管干。nomatter与who-ever引导的让步状nomatter(who,Nomatterhowbusyhewas,hestudiedEnglisheveryday.语从句意义基本一样,nomatter引导whatwhen,where不管他多忙,他都每天坚持学习英语。的从句可是以位于主句前或主句后which,how)Nomatterwhotakesupthematterforme,Ishallbeverygrateful.不管谁为我处理这件事,我都将非常感激。wh+ever(whateverWhateverhappens/mayhappen,weshallnotloseheart.whoever,whenever无论发生什么,我们都不要失去信心。whichever,however)Whoevercomes,hewillbewelcome.无论谁来,都会受到欢迎。版权所有@高考资源网高考资源网(ks5u.com)您身边的高考专家
asas,notso/asasthesameassuchas比较状从…than…themore…themore…Maryisasoldasmysister.玛利和我姐姐一样大。连词表示同程度级的比较,肯定句用asHedoesn’trunso(as)fastasJack(does).他不如杰克跑得那样快。as否定句可用notasas或notsoasHisbookisthesameasmine.他的书和我的一样。HenryisnotsuchagoodworkerasPeter.享利这个工人不如彼得那样好。Shehasmadegreaterprogressthisyearthanshedidlastyear.她今年比去年进步更大。HeboughtfewerbooksthanI(did).他买的书比我买的少。Themoreyouread,thebetteryouunderstand.你看的书越多,你懂得themorethemore意思为越越,通的就越多。常的语序为从句在前主句在后,这两个theThemoreticketsyousell,themoremoneyyouwillget.都是表示程度的副词,用在比较级的形容你卖的票越多,你的收入也越多。词或副词前面Theharderyouwork,thegreaterprogressyouwillmake.你工作越努力,你取得的进步就越大。Thesooner,thebetter.越快越好。Thewarmer,thebetter.越暖和越好。
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201*高考英语语法知识点归纳总结:状语从句
种从属连词类WhenIcameintotheroom,hewaswritingaletter.When当我进屋时,他正在写信。例句whewhewheneverWeshallgotherewheneverwearefree.我们什么时间有空,我们就去那里。Iwaswalkingalongthestreetwhensuddenlysomeonewhen时间状从aswhilepattedmeontheshoulderfrombehind.whe候”我正在街上走着,这时忽然有人从后面拍我的肩膀。法的Whileitwasraining,theywentout.天下雨的时候,他们出去了。Istayedwhilehewasaway.他不在的时候我在。Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent.他赶快回家,不时地一边走一边向后看。Beapupilbeforeyoubecomeateacher.先做学生,再做先生。Hearrivedafterthegamestarted.比赛开始后,他到了。Wewaitedtill(until)hecameback.我们一直等到他回来。whi“在必须as引和从beforeaftertill如主用肯Shedidn’tstopworkinguntileleveno’clock.until她到11点钟才停止工作。Untilhehadpassedoutofsight,shestoodthere.她站在那里看着,直到看不见他的身影。sinceassoonasGreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChinasince1978.自从1978年以来中国发生了巨大的变化。AssoonasIarriveinShanghai,I’llwritetoyou.我一到上海就给你写信。Ihadhardlygothomewhenitbegantorain.hardly…when=HardlyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.Nosoonerhadwegottothestationthanthetrainleft.no我们刚到车站,火车就走了。sooner…thanHardlyhadwebegunwhenweweretoldtostop.我们刚开始就被叫停。EverytimeItravelledbyboat,Igotseasick.everytime,bythetime,themoment等我每次乘船都晕船。ThemomentIheardthesong,Ifeltcheerful.我一听到这首歌,就感到很愉快。Nexttimeyoucome,you’llseehim.下次你来的时候,就会见到他。地点状whereWherethereisawill,thereisaway.有志者,事竟成。我刚一到家,就下雨了。如主否定前不一般状语逗号句之hardsoonsoon情,为过soon且主在时来时在时wheWherethereiswaterthereislife.哪里有水,哪里就有生同,wherever命。书面从Youarefreetogowhereveryoulike.你可以随意到你喜欢的任何地方去。Whereveryougo,youmustobeythelaw.无论你去哪都要遵守法律。becauseIcamebacklateyesterdaybecauseIwasonduty.昨天我回来晚了,因为我值班。Sinceeveryoneishere,let’sbeginourmeeting.since既然大家都到了,我们开始开会。bec题,sinc稍加句首原因状从asthedictionary.由于他英语懂得不多,他在字典中查阅这个单词。Now(that)theweatherhasclearedup,wecanstartournowthat,seeingthatjourney.鉴于天气已经晴朗,我们可以启程了。Seeing(that)hewasbadlyill,wesentforthedoctor.鉴于他病情严重,我们派人去请医生去了。IshallwritedownyourtelephonenumberthatImaynotforget.that我要把你的电话号码记下来,以免忘记。We’lltellyouthetruthsothatyoucanjudgeforyourself.sothat我把真实情况告诉你,使你能自己作出判断。Theyworkedharderthanusualinorderthattheycouldinorderthatfinishtheworkaheadoftime.他们比往常更加努力工作,为了能提前完成工作。lest=forfearaheadoftimeadv.提早thatPutonmoreclotheslest(=forfearthat)youshouldcatchcold.多穿点衣服,以免感冒。Ashedidn’tknowmuchEnglish,helookedupthewordin从句主句中。seeias意个事目的状从目的may等放在主任何结果状从条件状从方式状从让步状从Weturneduptheradio,sothateveryoneheardthenews.sot我们把收音机的音量放大,大家都听到了新闻。句Hewassoexcitedthathecouldn’tsayaword.so…他十分激动,以致一句话都说不出来。副词Hegavesuchimportantreasonsthathewasexcused.such他说出了这么重要的理由,得到大家的谅解。词,such…thatItissuchaninterestingnovelthatallofuswanttoreadit.suchItissointerestinganovelthatallofuswanttoreadit.so…这是一本十分有趣的书,大家都想看。Difficultiesarenothingifwearenotafraidofthem.unle如果我们不怕困难,困难就算不了什么了。式。Weshallgotheretomorrowunlessitrains.unleif除非下雨,我们明天就去那里。语,=Weshallgotheretomorrowifitdoesn’train.条件unlessSo/Aslongasyouworkhard,youwillsucceed.时态只要你努力工作,你就一定能成功。代替as/solongasIncaseIforget,pleaseremindmeaboutit.万一我忘了,incase请提醒我一下。sofarasincaseconj.万一SofarasIknow,thebookwillbepublishednextmonth.据我所知,那本书下月出版。asDrawacatasItaughtyou.按照我教你的画一只猫。此处Doasyouaretold.按照人家告诉你做的去做。asifasif…Shelooksasifsheisill.看上去她好象是生病了。基本asthoughHeactedasif(though)nothinghadhappened.他的行动就时表好象什么也没有发生。用虚Theytreattheblackboyasif(though)hewereananimal.他们对待这黑孩子仿佛他是一头牲口。Although(Though)hewasoversixty,(yet)hebeganto在句learnFrench.能再although虽然他六十多岁了,但仍开始学习法语。yetthoughWewerenottiredthough(although)wehadworkedallalthday.样,虽然我们干了一天活,但并不累。正式I’llgoevenif(though)itrainstomorrow.即使明天下雨,evenevenif,even我也要去。“即though味,Childasheis,heknowsalot.虽然他是一个孩子,但他as引懂得很多。语,Coldasitis,(=Thoughitiscold,)thechildrenplaythouasoutdoors.句,虽然天气冷,但孩子们仍在户外玩。句常装。sothatso…thatnomatter(who,whatwhen,wherewhich,how…)wh+ever(whateverwhoever,wheneverwhichever,however)Doitnomatterwhatotherssay.不管别人怎么说,尽管nom干。的让Nomatterhowbusyhewas,hestudiedEnglisheveryday.样,不管他多忙,他都每天坚持学习英语。是以Nomatterwhotakesupthematterforme,Ishallbeverygrateful.不管谁为我处理这件事,我都将非常感激。Whateverhappens/mayhappen,weshallnotloseheart.无论发生什么,我们都不要失去信心。Whoevercomes,hewillbewelcome.无论谁来,都会受到欢迎。比较状从Maryisasoldasmysister.玛利和我姐姐一样大。连词Hedoesn’trunso(as)fastasJack(does).他不如杰克跑得定句as…as,那样快。as…notso/as…asHisbookisthesameasmine.他的书和我的一样。thesame…asthesameas与...同样的such…asHenryisnotsuchagoodworkerasPeter.享利这个工人不如彼得那样好。Shehasmadegreaterprogressthisyearthanshedidlastyear.…than…她今年比去年进步更大。HeboughtfewerbooksthanI(did).他买的书比我买的少。Themoreyouread,thebetteryouunderstand.the你看的书越多,你懂得的就越多。越…Themoreticketsyousell,themoremoneyyouwillget.主句themore你卖的票越多,你的收入也越多。程度…themore…Theharderyouwork,thegreaterprogressyouwillmake.容词你工作越努力,你取得的进步就越大。Thesooner,thebetter.越快越好。Thewarmer,thebetter.越暖和越好。
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