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初中英语语法总结(从句)

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初中英语语法总结(从句)

初中英语语法总结(从句)

从句分为定语从句,状语从句和名词从句三大类。定语从句又分为限定性和非限定性从句两种,由关系代词或关系副词引导,修饰主句的某个成分。状语从句分为时间、结果、让步、原因、条件及行为方式状语从句。名词从句包括主语、宾语、表语和同位语从句及therebe句型。

1.定语从句

限定性定语从句中that可代表人和事,而which只代表事;二者在从句中作主语或宾语。that作宾语时常可省略,which则不能,而且其后的“不及物动词+介词’’中的介词不能省略。which作宾语时,先行词与which之间的介词不能省。例如:1.Thefirstdollthatcouldsay“mama”wasinventedin1830.

2.Thesecondhalfofhisvoyagewasbyfarthemoredangerouspart,duringwhichhesailedroundtheCapeHorn.

代表a11,anything,something,nothing,much等词时,用that而不用which,that作宾语可省略。例如:

1.Icareanythingthathassomethingtodowithit.

2.You"dbetterdosomethinghepreferstodotopleasehim.3.Thatisthelasttimewemeteachother.

4.Icameacrossthewomanyoutoldmeaboutyesterday.

who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人,分别作从句的主语和宾语。where是关系副词,用于表示地点的定语从句,而when用来表示时间。whose是关系代词,修饰名词作定语。例如:1.HenryFordisthepersonwhoismostresponsiblefordevelopingtheideaofmassproduction.2.Thekneeisthejointwherethethighbonemeetsthelargeboneofthelowerleg.

3.Thenextmorning,whenshecamedowntobreakfast,Marywasbeamingwiththepleasureofanew,greatdiscovery.

4.Thevisitingprofessorisafamousscientistwhosesonstudiesinmydepartment.

在下列情况,限定性定语从句的关系代词可以省略:1)当关系代词在从句中作宾语或表语;或它们在从句中作介词的宾语,

而该介词又在句末时;2)当先行词是that,all,only,everything,something,nothing等代词时,或先行词前有一个最高级形容词修饰时;3)当先行词前有only,any,all,first,no,last等修饰时,或先行词就是time,moment,way(anyway),direction,distance等名词时,关系代词即可省略。例如:

1.Thedelegationwehadbeenwaitingforfinallyarrived.2.Imetthewomanyoutoldmeabout.3.Shegavemeallshecouldafford.

4.WithTVwecanseethingshappenalmostattheexactmomenttheyarehappening.

非限定性定语从句,其作用为:对所修饰的成分作进一步的说明,它与主句用逗号隔开。此类从句省略后其余部分仍可成立。在非限定性定语从句中,which可代表前面的整个句子;代表人时只能用who,whom,而不能用that;as也可用作关系代词。例如:1.Thetelephone,asweknow,wastheinventionofAlexanderGrahamBell.

2.TheLittleWhiteHouseinWarmSpringswastheGeorgiahomePresident3.FranklinD.Roosevelt,whodiedthereonApril12,1945.

4.Livinginadamphouseforalongtimeisharmfultoone’shealth,whichisknowntoeveryone.2.状语从句

状语从句可分为:时间状语从句(主要由when,whenever,after,before,a5,slnce,once,assoonas初中英语语法总结,Until,while等连词引导),结果状语从句(由so…that和such…that连接),让步状语从句(由though,although,nomatter,evenif初中英语语法总结,however初中英语语法总结,whatever等词引导),原因状语从句(由as,because,since和for引导),条件状语从句(由if,whether,aslongas,providedthat等词引导),地点状语从句(由where引导),行为方式状语从句(由as引导)。有时条件状语从句中,主句不可以用将来时,而用一般时代替。例如:

1.ThesmallgreenishflowersoftheelmtreeappearintheSpring,longbeforetheleavesgrow.2.QiongYao"snovelsusedtobesopopularthatherbooksappearedonbest-sellerlists.

3.Gasballoonislesssafethanhotballoonbecauseitmaycatchfire.

4.Uniformacceleration(同样的加速)occursiftherateofchangeremainsthesameoversuccessiveequalintervalsoftime.

5.ThousandsofChinesecollegestudentswenttotheUSConsulate6.Shanghai,

wheretheyprotestedNATO"sbombingatChina"sEmbassyinYugoslavia.

状语从句中的“主语+be”可以省略,前提是:从句主语和主句主语一致,且从句谓语“be”省略后的结构为“连词+现在分词/过去分词介词短语/形容词/名词短语”。)例如:1.Whenwellfitted,glassescancorrectmostsightdefectsinhealthyeyes.2.Ifnecessary,Iwouldliketoseeyouinyouroffice.3.Althoughseriouslywounded,henevercomplained.3.名词从句

名词从句包括主语从句、宾语从句,其中有介词与形容词的宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

1)主语从句

主语从句常出现在itis+名词、形容词、分词+主语从句”的形式中。例如:

1.ItisreportedthatTaiwanesepopsingerMengTingweiwillholdasoloconcertinShanghaisomedaythismonth.

2.Itmustbepointedoutthatyouhavefailedtomeetthedeadline.

3.ItusuallyhappenedthatIwaslatebecauseoftrafficjams.主语从句还可用when,where初中英语语法总结,how,why,whether等连接副词,和who,whom,whose,what,which初中英语语法总结,whoever,whatever,whichever等连接代词来引起。例如:

1.Howtoarrangethemeetingisnotyourtask.

2.Whosecandidatewillwintheelectionisthequestionbothpoliticalpartiesareasking.3.WhenIleaveismyowndecision.

4.Whoeverwillgotothepartywon"tchangemymindofstayingathome.2)宾语从句

宾语从句可由that,疑问代词或副词how,why和where等引出。例如:1.Topostponetheconferenceuntilnextmonthindicatedthattheywereunprepared.

2.Nearlya11thestaffagreedwithwhatIsaid.

3.Everyoneworriedaboutherbecausenoonewasawareofwhereshehadgone.

4.Couldyouoffermoredetailsexceptthatithappenedatnight?由what,whether,how引导的宾语从句可用在介词后,而由that引导的从句只跟but,besides,except,in,save之后。例如:1.Icanhardlybelieveinwhattheyhavedone.

2.Hedoesn’tknowmyphonenumberexceptthatthecitycodeis021.

一些表语性的形容词,如:alarmed,amazed,annoyed,astonished,certain,confident,disappointed,glad,pleased,proud,sad,shocked,sure,surprised,worried,ect.做表语时,后面可跟由that,how等引导的宾语从句。例如:1.Iwasamazedhowhecouldpasstheexamwithoutattendingthelectures.2.HeisconfidentthathewillpasstheBand6examination.3.Shewassurprisedhowsimplehisproblemis.

4.Weareallpleasedthathewillbeabletopassthefinalexamination.3)表语从句

表语从句对主语的内容起解释和阐述的作用;若表语从句用that引起,that起连接作用,不能省略。b表语从句也可用连接词how,when,where,why,what引起。由because引起的表语从句通常只用在“this/that/itisbecause”结构中。例如:

1.Alogarithm(对数)iswhatisknowninalgebraexponent(代数的指数).2.OnethingIadmiremostaboutthemisthattheyarehospitable.3.Sheworkstoohard;Thatiswhysheisexhausted.

4.Imustpointoutthatwhereyouintendtobuildasuper-marketiswheretheelderlydoexerciseeveryday.4)同位语从句

同位语从句是由两个或两个以上同一层次语言单位组成的结构,其中前项与后项所指相同,句法功能相同。同位语从句由that引导,也可由whether初中英语语法总结,how,why,where,when等来引导。例如:

1.Sheignoredtheteacher"sinstructionthatshemuststudyhard.

2.ThequestionwhetherornotIshouldhelphiminsuchacasetroubledmegreatly.

扩展阅读:初中英语语法总结(从句)

初中英语语法总结(从句)

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初中英语语法总结(从句)

从句分为定语从句,状语从句和名词从句三大类。定语从句又分为限定性和非限定性从句两种,由关系代词或关系副词引导,修饰主句的某个成分。状语从句分为时间、结果、让步、原因、条件及行为方式状语从句。名词从句包括主语、宾语、表语和同位语从句及therebe句型。1.定语从句

限定性定语从句中that可代表人和事,而which只代表事;二者在从句中作主语或宾语。that作宾语时常可省略,which则不能,而且其后的—不及物动词+介词’’中的介词不能省略。which作宾语时,先行词与which之间的介词不能省。例如:1.Thefirstdollthatcouldsay—mama‖wasinventedin1830.2.Thesecondhalfofhisvoyagewasbyfarthemoredangerouspart,duringwhichhesailedroundtheCapeHorn.

代表a11,anything,something,nothing,much等词时,用that而不用which,that作宾语可省略。例如:1.Icareanythingthathassomethingtodowithit.2.You"dbetterdosomethinghepreferstodotopleasehim.3.Thatisthelasttimewemeteachother.

4.Icameacrossthewomanyoutoldmeaboutyesterday.who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人,分别作从句的主语和宾语。where是关系副词,用于表示地点的定语从句,而when用来表示时间。whose是关系代词,修饰名词作定语。例如:

1.HenryFordisthepersonwhoismostresponsiblefordevelopingtheideaofmassproduction.

2.Thekneeisthejointwherethethighbonemeetsthelargeboneofthelowerleg.

3.Thenextmorning,whenshecamedowntobreakfast,Marywasbeamingwiththepleasureofanew,greatdiscovery.4.Thevisitingprofessorisafamousscientistwhosesonstudiesinmydepartment.

在下列情况,限定性定语从句的关系代词可以省略:1)当关系代词在从句中作宾语或表语;或它们在从句中作介词的宾语,而该介词又在句末时;2)当先行词是that,all,only,everything,something,nothing等代词时,或先行词前有一个最高级形容词修饰时;3)当先行词前有only,any,all,first,no,last等修饰时,或先行词就是time,moment,way(anyway),direction,distance等名词时,关系代词即可省略。例如:1.Thedelegationwehadbeenwaitingforfinallyarrived.2.Imetthewomanyoutoldmeabout.3.Shegavemeallshecouldafford.

4.WithTVwecanseethingshappenalmostattheexactmomenttheyarehappening.

非限定性定语从句,其作用为:对所修饰的成分作进一步的说明,它与主句用逗号隔开。此类从句省略后其余部分仍可成立。在非限定性定语从句中,which可代表前面的整个句子;代表人时只能用who,whom,而不能用that;as也可用作关系代词。例如:1.Thetelephone,asweknow,wastheinventionofAlexanderGrahamBell.

2.TheLittleWhiteHouseinWarmSpringswastheGeorgiahomePresident3.FranklinD.Roosevelt,whodiedthereonApril12,1945.

4.Livinginadamphouseforalongtimeisharmfultoone’shealth,whichisknowntoeveryone.2.状语从句

状语从句可分为:时间状语从句(主要由when,whenever,after,before,a5,slnce,once,assoonas初中英语语法总结,Until,while等连词引导),结果状语从句(由so…that和such…that连接),让步状语从句(由though,although,nomatter,evenif初中英语语法总结,however初中英语语法总结,whatever等词引导),原因状语从句(由as,because,since和for引导),条件状语从句(由if,whether,aslongas,providedthat等词引导),地点状语从句(由where引导),行为方式状语从句(由as引导)。有时条件状语从句中,主句不可以用将来时,而用一般时代替。例如:

1.ThesmallgreenishflowersoftheelmtreeappearintheSpring,longbeforetheleavesgrow.

2.QiongYao"snovelsusedtobesopopularthatherbooksappearedonbest-sellerlists.

3.Gasballoonislesssafethanhotballoonbecauseitmaycatchfire.

4.Uniformacceleration(同样的加速)occursiftherateofchangeremainsthesameoversuccessiveequalintervalsoftime.5.ThousandsofChinesecollegestudentswenttotheUSConsulate6.Shanghai,

wheretheyprotestedNATO"sbombingatChina"sEmbassyinYugoslavia.

状语从句中的—主语+be‖可以省略,前提是:从句主语和主句主语一致,且从句谓语—be‖省略后的结构为—连词+现在分词/过去分词介词短语/形容词/名词短语‖。)例如:

1.Whenwellfitted,glassescancorrectmostsightdefectsinhealthyeyes.

2.Ifnecessary,Iwouldliketoseeyouinyouroffice.3.Althoughseriouslywounded,henevercomplained.3.名词从句

名词从句包括主语从句、宾语从句,其中有介词与形容词的宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。1)主语从句

主语从句常出现在itis+名词、形容词、分词+主语从句‖的形式中。例如:

1.ItisreportedthatTaiwanesepopsingerMengTingweiwillholdasoloconcertinShanghaisomedaythismonth.2.Itmustbepointedoutthatyouhavefailedtomeetthedeadline.

3.ItusuallyhappenedthatIwaslatebecauseoftrafficjams.主语从句还可用when,where初中英语语法总结,how,why,whether等连接副词,和who,whom,whose,what,which初中英语语法总结,whoever,whatever,whichever等连接代词来引起。例如:

1.Howtoarrangethemeetingisnotyourtask.

2.Whosecandidatewillwintheelectionisthequestionbothpoliticalpartiesareasking.3.WhenIleaveismyowndecision.

4.Whoeverwillgotothepartywon"tchangemymindofstayingathome.2)宾语从句宾语从句可由that,疑问代词或副词how,why和where等引出。例如:1.Topostponetheconferenceuntilnextmonthindicatedthattheywereunprepared.

2.Nearlya11thestaffagreedwithwhatIsaid.

3.Everyoneworriedaboutherbecausenoonewasawareofwhereshehadgone.

4.Couldyouoffermoredetailsexceptthatithappenedatnight?由what,whether,how引导的宾语从句可用在介词后,而由that引导的从句只跟but,besides,except,in,save之后。例如:1.Icanhardlybelieveinwhattheyhavedone.

2.Hedoesn’tknowmyphonenumberexceptthatthecitycodeis021.

一些表语性的形容词,如:alarmed,amazed,annoyed,astonished,certain,confident,disappointed,glad,pleased,proud,sad,shocked,sure,surprised,worried,ect.做表语时,后面可跟由that,how等引导的宾语从句。例如:

1.Iwasamazedhowhecouldpasstheexamwithoutattendingthelectures.

2.HeisconfidentthathewillpasstheBand6examination.3.Shewassurprisedhowsimplehisproblemis.4.Weareallpleasedthathewillbeabletopassthefinalexamination.3)表语从句

表语从句对主语的内容起解释和阐述的作用;若表语从句用that引起,that起连接作用,不能省略。b表语从句也可用连接词how,when,where,why,what引起。由because引起的表语从句通常只用在—this/that/itisbecause‖结构中。例如:

1.Alogarithm(对数)iswhatisknowninalgebraexponent(代数的指数).

2.OnethingIadmiremostaboutthemisthattheyarehospitable.

3.Sheworkstoohard;Thatiswhysheisexhausted.

4.Imustpointoutthatwhereyouintendtobuildasuper-marketiswheretheelderlydoexerciseeveryday.4)同位语从句

同位语从句是由两个或两个以上同一层次语言单位组成的结构,其中前项与后项所指相同,句法功能相同。同位语从句由that引导,也可由whether初中英语语法总结,how,why,where,when等来引导。例如:

1.Sheignoredtheteacher"sinstructionthatshemuststudyhard.2.ThequestionwhetherornotIshouldhelphiminsuchacasetroubledmegreatly.

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201*中考英语100条重点短语归纳1.~down:

putdown放下shutdown把…关上cutdown砍掉comedown下来、落下slowdown减缓、放慢sitdown坐下writedown写下getdown下来,降落2.after~:

afterall毕竟.终究afterthat于是.然后dayafterday日复一日地oneafteranother相继.挨次soonafter不久以后

thedayaftertomorrow后天3.~up(with):

comeupwith找到、提出

catchupwith赶上wakeup弄醒、醒来sendup发射openup开设、开办growup长大pickup拾起、捡起

handsup举手eatup吃光cleanup打扫干净giveupdoingsth.=stopdoingsth.放弃做某事4.到达:

arriveat/in+n.(地方)=getto+n.(地方)=reach+n.(地方)=arrive/get+adv.(地方)5.~back:

get…back退还,送回去.取回giveback归还comeback回来atthebackof在…的后面ontheway(back)home在回家路上6.at~:

atleast至少atbreakfast早餐时atdesk在桌前atonce立刻,马上atschool在上学atthedoctor’s在医务室atwork在工作atnight在晚上atnoon中午begoodat=dowellin善长bebadat不善长laughat嘲笑not…atall一点也不attheageof在…岁时atfirst起初atlast=intheend=finally最后、终于

atthebeginningof(the21stcentury)在21世纪初of在…终点、结尾atChristmas在圣诞节atthefootof在…脚下atthemoment=now现在atanymoment任何时候attimes(sometimes)有时,偶尔atthesametime同时7.for~:

attheendforexample例如forever永远

begoodfor对…有益bebadfor对…有害forlong=foralongtime长期forshort简称beshortfor是…的简称8.come~:

cometrue实现comedown下来comefrom=befrom来自,出生于

comein/into进入,进来comeon赶快,加油comeover过来comealong走吧,过来,快点comeandgo来来去去comeup上来comeout出来,(花)开,(照片)冲洗出来9.even~:

eventhough=evenif即使、虽然、尽管10.be~with/~of:

bepleasedwith对…感到满意becoveredwith被…覆盖

beexpectedtodosth.被期望做某事beproudof以…自豪beafraidof害怕speakhighlyof称赞hearof听说/(hearfromsb.收到某人的来信)ofcause=certainly当然可以plentyof=alotof许多11.by~:

bytheway顺便说byoneself单独,独自bytheendof到…为至onebyone依次bythetime(引起时间状语从句)到…的时候byair/plane乘飞机

bybus/train/car乘公共汽车/火车/轿车相关:catchabus赶公交车

geton/offthebus上/下车

takeabusto…=goto…bybus乘车去…

12.do~:

do/tryone’sbest尽力doone’shomework做家庭作业do(the/some)shopping购物

dothecooking烹饪dosomecleaning打扫dothe/somewashing洗衣服dosport做运动dowithsb/sth.处理welldone干得好13.early~:

intheearlymorning一大早

intheearlyspring初春earlybus早班车inmyearlydays我幼年时期14.~to:

makeacontributionto贡献给、捐献makeatelephonecalltosb.=ringsb.up=givesb.acall=phonesb.给某人打电话connectAtoB把A与B连接起来

becloseto靠近(某地)givebirthto生(孩子)losetosb输给sb.15.either~:

either…or…或者…或者..oneithersideofthestreet街道任何一边/(oneachsideofthestreet街道每一边onbothsidesofthestreet街道两边)16.~doingsth.:

keepdoingsth.不停地做某事(不间断的连续)keepondoingsth.坚持做某事(有间断的连续)practisedoingsth.练习做某事enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事finishdoingsth.做完某事

goondoingsth.继续做某事(同一件事)17.go~:

goontodosth.接着做某事(另一事)gostraightalong沿着…一直往前走goup/down上升/下降goforawalk散步goover复习goshopping买东西

gotothecinema去看电影gowell进展顺利gooffto=leavefor动身(出发)前往…gotowork去上班wantago想试一试18.~about:

talkabout谈论worryabout担心How/Whatabout…?…怎么样?thinkabout考虑相关:thinkof认为、想起、考虑、想到

thinkover仔细考虑thinkout想出

19.~from:

fromdoortodoor挨家挨户fromtimetotime时时fromnowon从今以后fromthenon从那以后bedifferentfrom与…不同learn…from…向…学习borrow…from…从…借….相关:lend…to…把…借给…20.get~:

getdressed穿衣getinto进入get/belost丢失getoff/on下/上车getonwellwithsb.与某人相处得好getoutof从…出来getwarm变暧getreadyfor+n.为…做准备getreadytodosth.准备做某事

getwell康复getachance有机会、得到机会get/gotosleep(fallasleep)入睡相关:(beasleep睡着)21.look~:

lookfor寻找waitfor等候lookafter=takecareof照看looklike看起来像lookthesame看起来一样lookover检查,复习lookthrough温习,检查lookout小心,从里向外看lookup向上看,查单词lookaround环视lookforwardto期望22.~off:

setoff出发、动身putoff推迟turnoff关takeoff脱(衣),(飞机)起飞jumpoff跳离keepoff避开、不靠近…dropoff放下(某物)23.half~:

halfakilo半千克halfanhour半小时inhalf分成两半halfoftheday半天24.~exercise:

doeye/morningexercises做眼保健/早操take(more)exercise(多)参加体育锻炼anexercisebook练习本25.~in:

takepartin参加handin上交inhospital住院insurprise吃惊地inthesun在阳光下introuble处于困境inaminute/moment马上26.~on:

feedon以…为主食liveon继续活着baseon以…为根据carryon坚持、继续下去andsoon等等ontheotherhand另一方面onfoot步行28.be~介词:

befamousfor以..著名beborn出生beexcitedabout+n./V-ing对…感到兴奋beinterestedin对…感兴趣beamazedat对..感到惊讶bebusywithsth.=bebusydoingsth.忙于…29.move~:

moveaway移开moveto(搬)移到…30.上网:

searchtheInternet上网31.make~:

makesure确信makeadialogue编对话makeamistake犯错误(bymistake由于疏忽)makeanoise吵闹makefaces做鬼脸makefriends(with)和..交朋友

makeroomfor给..让地方maketea沏茶makemoney赚钱makeadecision作出决定32.use~:

usedtodosth过去常常做某事beusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事33.丢三落四:

leavesth+介词短语(insomeplace)把…落在某处34.~todosth.:

forgettodosth.忘记去做某事

encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事,decidetodosth.决定做某事allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事35.hear~:

hearsb.todosth.=hearsb.doingsth.听见某人(正在)做某事36.~withsth.:

helpsb.(to)dosth.=helpsb.withsth.帮助某人做某事withone’shelp在某人的帮助下withpleasure乐意37.寒/暑假:thesummerholiday(s)暑假thewinterholiday(s)寒假38.~into:

stepinto走进pourinto倒入…39.~first:

inthefirst第一forthefirsttime第一次atfirst起初afirstlanguage母语firstofall首先40.~message:

leaveamessageforsb.给某人留条give/takesb.amessage给某人捎口信41.take~:

takephotos/pictures照像takeaway拿走takeout取出(workout算出)takecare当心takemedicine服药takeplace发生takeone’stemperature量体温

takeone’stime别着急takeawalk散步42.learn~:

learnbyoneself=teachoneself自学learnbyheart背熟43.一年半:

ayearandahalf(oneandahalfyears)一年半44.have~:

haveatry尝试,努力tryout尝试、试验findout/about找出,查明havenoidea不知道haveagood/wonderful/greattime玩得开心havea(bad)cold(重)感冒

haveameeting/walk/watch开会/散步/比赛havesports进行体育活动

havenothing/sth.todowith与..无(有)关have(one’s)medicine服药

45.提供:offersbsth.给某人提供某物46.获奖:winfirstprize获一等奖47.全世界:allovertheworld=aroundtheworld=throughouttheworld48.各种各样的:allkindsof49.既不…也不…:neither…nor50.表示“并列”:

notonly…butalso…,不但…而且…both…and……和…都51.越…越…:

themore,thebetter越多越好thetaller,thebetter越高越好52.一生:allone’slife53.as~as:

assoonas一…就…asif好像assoonaspossible尽可能早地、尽快aswell=too也regard…as把…当作…asmuchas至多,和…一样多aslittleas至少,54.无论…:nomatter

55.从那以后,此后一直:eversince56.~so:

sofar到目前为止orso大约57.表示“又,再”:anothertwohours=twomorehours又(再)2个小时58.一周三次:threetimesaweek59.~number:

thenumberof…的数量

a(large/good/great)numberof=largenumbersof=many许多,大量的60.less~:

lessthan少于lessandless越来越少62.直到…才…:not…until…63.like~:belike像feellike+n./V-ing想要likebest最喜欢wouldliketo想要64.24小时制:the24hourclock65.~away:

washaway冲走runaway逃跑takeaway带走66.~long:

beforelong不久longbefore=longago很久以前forlong=foralongtime长期nolonger=notanylonger不再67.more~:

moreorless=about或多或少,大约morethan=over多于,超过68.every~:

everyyear每年everyfouryears每隔四年everyotherday每隔一天

everydayEnglish/life日常英语/生活69.next~:

nextto紧挨着nextdoor隔壁,邻居nextyear明年nexttime下次70.收到来信:

receive/get/havealetterfromsb.=hearfromsb.收到某人的来信71.展览:onshow=ondisplay72.充满…:befilledwith=befullof73.由于:thankto=becauseof74.~day:

someday=oneday(将来)某一天allday终日dayandnight日日夜夜inadayortwo一两天内intheolddays从前,旧社会fromdaytoday(dayafterday)日复一日thedaybeforeyesterday前天thedayaftertomorrow后天

TreePlantingDay植树节Women’sDay妇女节75.stop~:

keep/stop/prevent…(from)doingsth.防止(阻止)…做某事stoptodosth.停下来去做某事stopdoingsth.停止做某事

76.很,非常:niceand+adj.=very+adj.77.名胜古迹:aplace(places)ofinterest78.表示“分数”:

threequartersof……的四分之三twothirdsof…三分之二的…79.信用卡:creditcard80.表示“人口增长”:theincreasingpopulation增长着的人口81.旅行路线:apathoftravel82.指向:pointat/to83.~sea:

bysea=byship乘船atsea在海上bythesea=onthesea在海边84.专心做某事:setone’smindtodosth.85.乘以…:multiply…by…86.see~:

Seeyou!再见Yousee.你知道,你明白,你瞧Letmesee.让我想想seesb.off给某人送行seea/thedoctor看病87.表示“例举”:

some…others…一些(人,物)…其他(人,物)…one…another一个..另一个(三者或以上)one…theother一个…另一个(总数二个)88.~out:

bewornout穿旧,磨坏checkout核实,检查writeout写出takesth.outof从…拿出/取出某物89.in~:

inthisway用这种方法inspace在太空inafewyear’stime几年以后inandoutofclass在课内课外inthelastfifteenminutes在最后十五分钟里,inthesecondhalf在下半场laterinone’slife在某人的后半生

intheair在空中intheopenair在户外90.打针:

givesb.aninjection给某人打针getaninjection打针91.去/到某地:

havebeento去过某地havegoneto到某地去了95.(随身)携带:takesth.withsb.You’dbettertakeanumbrellawithyou.你最好带上雨伞96.prefer~:

preferto=like…betterthan宁愿,更喜欢prefer+doing/todosth.喜欢做…Would/shouldprefertodo宁愿做。。。preferAtoB喜欢/愿意A而不喜欢/愿意Bprefertodo…ratherthando…喜欢做…而不喜欢…如:(Iprefertowalkthereratherthangobybus.我喜欢走着去那里,而不愿乘车)

prefer+名词(代词)todosth.宁愿…做…如:(Wepreferhernottocome.我们宁愿她不来)97.spend金钱/时间:

人+spend+time/money+(in)doingsth.花费时间/金钱用来做…(in可省略)

人+spend+time/money+on+sth.在…上花费时间/金钱人+pay+money+for+sth.=物+cost+(sb.)+money买…花费了…(钱)

Ittakes(willtake/took)sb.time/money+todosth.做…花费了某人…金钱/时间98.处理:dowith+sb./sth.99.介意/反对做…:

mind+if从句:(DoyoumindifIopenthewindow?我开窗你不反对吧?)

mind+doingsth.:(WouldyoumindturningontheTV?打开电视你不反对吧?)100.表示“为什么”:what…for?=why…?

(WhatdoyoulearnEnglishfor?=WhydoyoulearnEnglish?)101.需要:

need+名词/doing:

Thestudentsneedsomehelp.学生们需要帮助.Thispairofshoesneedsmending.这双鞋需要修理.102.用来做…:

beusedfor+sth./doingsth.被用来做...beusedas+sth.被作为…使用beusedbysb.(动作执行者)被…使用103.制造:

bemadeof由…制造bemadefrom由…制成bemadein+地点某地制造bemadeby+人由谁制造的104.国家:

moredevelopedcountries发达国家lessdevelopedcountries不发达国家developingcountries发展中国家105.值得…:

beworth+money值…钱

beworth+doingsth.值得做…★哈佛大学★英语系研究,美国布什推荐。专为中小学生英语量身定做。官方网站:哈佛大学英语教授研究组提供

学英语简单吗?肯定会有许多学生说:—难死了‖。为什么有好多学生对英语的学习都感到头疼呢?答案只有一个:—不得法。‖英语与汉语一样都是一种语言,为什么你说汉语会如此流利?那是因为你置身于一个汉语环境中,如果你在伦敦呆上半年,保准说起英语来会非常流利。但很多中学生没有很好的英语环境,那么你可以自己设置一个英语环境,坚持—多说‖、—多听‖、—多读‖、—多写‖,那么你的英语成绩肯定会很出色。一、多—说‖。

自己多创造机会与英语教师多讲英语,见了同学,尤其是和好朋友在一起时尽量用英语去问候,谈心情……这时候你需随身携带一个英汉互译小词典,遇到生词时查一下这些生词,也不用刻意去记,用的多了,这个单词自然而然就会记住。千万别把学英语当成负担,始终把它当成一件有趣的事情去做。

或许你有机会碰上外国人,你应大胆地上去跟他打招呼,和他谈天气、谈风景、谈学校……只是别问及他的年纪,婚史等私人问题。尽量用一些你学过的词汇,句子去和他谈天说地。不久你会发现与老外聊天要比你与中国人谈英语容易的多。因为他和你交谈时会用许多简单词汇,而且不太看重说法,你只要发音准确,准能顺利地交流下去。只是你必须要有信心,敢于表达自己的思想。

如果没有合适的伙伴也没关系,你可以拿过一本书或其它什么东西做假想对象,对它谈你一天的所见所闻,谈你的快乐,你的悲伤等等,长此坚持下去你的口语肯定会有较大的提高。二、多—听‖寻找一切可以听英语的机会。别人用英语交谈时,你应该大胆地去参与,多听听各种各样人的发音,男女老少,节奏快的慢的你都应该接触到,如果这样的机会少的话,你可以选择你不知内容的文章去听,这将会对你帮助很大,而你去听学过的课文的磁带,那将会对你的语言语调的学习有很大的帮助。三、多—读‖。

—读‖可以分为两种。一种是—默读‖。每天给予一定时间的练习将会对你提高阅读速度有很大的好处,读的内容可以是你的课本,但最好是一些有趣的小读物,因为现在的英语高考越来越重视阅读量和阅读速度。每道题的得分都与你的理解程度有很大关系,所以经过高中三年阅读的训练后,你必定会在高考中胜券在握。另一种是—朗读‖这是学语言必不可少的一种学习途径。四、多—写‖

有的同学总是抱怨时间紧,根本没时间写作文。其实—写‖的形式很多,不一定就写作文才提高写作能力。比如写下你一天中发生的一些重要的事情,或当天学了某一个词组,你可以创设一个语境恰如其份地用上这个词。这样即可帮你记住这个词的用法,又可以锻炼你的写作能力,比如学—wish‖一词时,可写一小段如下:Theteacheroftenasksuswhatwewanttobeinthefuture.MygoodfriendTomwishestobeasoldier.However,I"mdifferent.IwishIwereateacherinthefuture.Butmymotherwishesmetobeadoctor.只几句话:但wish的几种用法已跃然纸上,这样写下来印象会深刻得多,这样比死记硬背wish的用法也有趣轻松的多。学习英语不用花大块的时间,10分钟的散步可以练"说",吃完饭后可以读一会儿英语小说,睡前听几分钟英语,可以使你得到更好地休息……只要你每天抽出一些时间来练英语,你的英语成绩肯定会很快提高的。背英语单词技巧1、循环记忆法艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线

人的大脑是一个记忆的宝库,人脑经历过的事物,思考过的问题,体验过的情感和情绪,练习过的动作,都可以成为人们记忆的内容。例如英文的学习中单词、短语和句子,甚至文章的内容都是通过记忆完成的。从"记"到"忆"是有个过程的,这其中包括了识记、保持、再认和回忆。有很多人在学习英语的过程中,只注重了学习当时的记忆效果,孰不知,要想做好学习的记忆工作,是要下一番工夫的,单纯的注重当时的记忆效果,而忽视了后期的保持和再认同样是达不到良好的效果的。

在信息的处理上,记忆是对输入信息的编码、贮存和提取的过程,从信息处理的角度上,英文的第一次学习和背诵只是一个输入编码的过程。人的记忆的能力从生理上讲是十分惊人的,它可以存贮1015比特(byte,字节)的信息,可是每个人的记忆宝库被挖掘的只占10%,还有更多的记忆发挥空间。这是因为,有些人只关注了记忆的当时效果,却忽视了记忆中的更大的问题--即记忆的牢固度问题,那就牵涉到心理学中常说的关于记忆遗忘的规律。一、艾宾浩斯记忆规律曲线解释

德国有一位著名的心理学家名叫艾宾浩斯(Hermann

Ebbinghaus,1850-1909),他在1885年发表了他的实验报告后,记忆研究就成了心理学中被研究最多的领域之一,而艾宾浩斯正是发现记忆遗忘规律的第一人。

根据我们所知道的,记忆的保持在时间上是不同的,有短时的记忆和长时的记忆两种。而我们平时的记忆的过程是这样的:输入的信息在经过人的注意过程的学习后,便成为了人的短时的记忆,但是如果不经过及时的复习,这些记住过的东西就会遗忘,而经过了及时的复习,这些短时的记忆就会成为了人的一种长时的记忆,从而在大脑中保持着很长的时间。那么,对于我们来讲,怎样才叫做遗忘呢,所谓遗忘就是我们对于曾经记忆过的东西不能再认起来,也不能回忆起来,或者是错误的再认和错误的回忆,这些都是遗忘。艾宾浩斯在做这个实验的时候是拿自己作为测试对象的,他得出了一些关于记忆的结论。他选用了一些根本没有意义的音节,也就是那些不能拼出单词来的众多字母的组合,比如asww,cfhhj,ijikmb,rfyjbc等等。他经过对自己的测试,得到了一些数据。

然后,艾宾浩斯又根据了这些点描绘出了一条曲线,这就是非常有名的揭示遗忘规律的曲线:艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线,图中竖轴表示学习中记住的知识数量,横轴表示时间(天数),曲线表示记忆量变化的规律。

这条曲线告诉人们在学习中的遗忘是有规律的,遗忘的进程不是均衡的,不是固定的一天丢掉几个,转天又丢几个的,而是在记忆的最初阶段遗忘的速度很快,后来就逐渐减慢了,到了相当长的时候后,几乎就不再遗忘了,这就是遗忘的发展规律,即"先快后慢"的原则。观察这条遗忘曲线,你会发现,学得的知识在一天后,如不抓紧复习,就只剩下原来的25%)。随着时间的推移,遗忘的速度减慢,遗忘的数量也就减少。有人做过一个实验,两组学生学习一段课文,甲组在学习后不久进行一次复习,乙组不予复习,一天后甲组保持98%,乙组保持56%;一周后甲组保持83%,乙组保持33%。乙组的遗忘平均值比甲组高。二、不同性质材料有不同的遗忘曲线

而且,艾宾浩斯还在关于记忆的实验中发现,记住12个无意义音节,平均需要重复16.5次;为了记住36个无意义章节,需重复54次;而记忆六首诗中的480个音节,平均只需要重复8次!这个实验告诉我们,凡是理解了的知识,就能记得迅速、全面而牢固。不然,愣是死记硬背,那也是费力不讨好的。因此,比较容易记忆的是那些有意义的材料,而那些无意义的材料在记忆的时候比较费力气,在以后回忆起来的时候也很不轻松。因此,艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线是关于遗忘的一种曲线,而且是对无意义的音节而言,对于与其他材料的对比,艾宾浩斯又得出了不同性质材料的不同遗忘曲线,不过他们大体上都是一致的。

因此,艾宾浩斯的实验向我们充分证实了一个道理,学习要勤于复习,而且记忆的理解效果越好,遗忘的也越慢。

三、不同的人有不同的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线--个性化的艾宾浩斯上述的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线是艾宾浩斯在实验室中经过了大量测试后,产生了不同的记忆数据,从而生成的一种曲线,是一个具有共性的群体规律。此记忆曲线并不考虑接受试验个人的个性特点,而是寻求一种处于平衡点的记忆规律。

但是记忆规律可以具体到我们每个人,因为我们的生理特点、生活经历不同,可能导致我们有不同的记忆习惯、记忆方式、记忆特点。规律对于自然人改造世界的行为,只能起一个催化的作用,如果与每个人的记忆特点相吻合,那么就如顺水扬帆,一日千里;如果与个人记忆特点相悖,记忆效果则会大打折扣。因此,我们要根据每个人的不同特点,寻找到属于自己的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线2》如何学英语下定决心,坚持不懈

英语学习作为一门语言技能,通过大量的训练和练习任何人是可以掌握的。一般地说,英语学习的原则是听、说领先,读、写跟上。李扬的疯狂英语提倡,首先建立起我能学好英语的信心,然后以句子为单位,大量地模仿,疯狂地操练,大声地朗读,最后达到自如地说英语,他的方法对提高说英语的能力很奏效。钟道隆教授45岁开始学英语,一年后,学成出国当口语翻译,并创造了逆苦恼、逆急于求成、逆速成的逆向学习英语的方法。他还提出学习英语要遵循听、写、说、背、想的方法,他的方法强调以听为主,并且把所听到的内容全部写下来。尤其是他的学习精神最可佳,他学习英语用坏了十几台录音机,你可想象他听了多少英语;用完的圆珠笔芯几乎装满了一个一拉罐,你可想象他写了多少,在一年半内,累计业余学习英语时间大约三千小时,也就说每天抽出几个小时来学英语。如果我们做到他那样,一定也能学好英语。最重要的是坚持,只要能下定决心,坚持每天至少一个小时的学习英语,战胜自我最后肯定会有收获的。★哈佛大学★英语系研究,美国布什推荐。专为中小学生英语量身定做。

官方网站:哈佛大学英语教授研究组提供注意方法,循序渐进

决心下定,还注意学习方法,有时根据自己的情况和不同的学习目的,选择不同的学习方法,但是学习英语一定要踏踏实实地、一步一个脚印地走。要把基础知识掌握好,也就是说,发音要正确、基本词汇要掌握牢、基本句式要熟练、基本语法要会用。(1)要过好语音关。把每一个音标发正确,注意改正有问题的音素,特别是那些容易混淆的音素,尽早地掌握国际音标,并尽量的掌握一些读音规则,尽快地能利用读音规则来拼单词,掌握读音规则对单词的记忆和拼写非常有用。

(2)掌握一定数量的英语单词。对于学习者来说掌握英语词汇是一难关,学习单词要从单词的形、音、义这三方面去掌握,要注意单词的一词多义,一词多类的用法,要学会一些构词法的知识,来扩展词汇量。学习单词要在语言材料中去学,要结合词组,通过句子,阅读文章来活记单词,死记的单词是记不牢的。坚持在读、说前,先反复听,听的时候反应单词、句子的意思和节奏,想一下单词的拼法、句子结构。并要同学习语法规则有机结合起来进行。

(3)掌握好基本语法。语法在学习英语中也很重要,它能帮助我们把握住英语的基本规律,通过例句或语言现象把死的语法规则要记住,活的规则要通过做大量的练习掌握。总之学习英语要通过听、说、读、写、译来进行操练,不但要注意数量,更重要的是要注意质量,尤其是基本知识要掌握的准确,熟练。只有经过大量的实践,才能做到熟能生巧,运用自如。提前预习,有的放矢

作为学生,在每次上课前,都要对要学的课文提前预习。首先在音标的帮助下试着拼读单词,也可以借助配套磁带反复听,对比一下,把握不准的要标出来,注意上课老师的发音,还要记一下单词的汉语意思和词性。借助课文的注释或辅导材料,预习一遍课文,找出不明白的地方,做到心中有数,在教师讲课时注意听这些地方。总之,预习的目的是熟悉要学的内容,找出不明白的地方,带着问题听课,做到有的放矢。认真听课,积极配合

课堂是老师与学生一起学习、掌握、运用知识的主要场所。作为起主导作用的老师一方引导学生搞好课堂教学是很必要的,但也需要学习者的积极配合。上课要专心听讲、作好笔记、认真操练、积极思考。预习时出现的问题在课堂上教师没有讲到的,要向老师提出,把问题搞清楚,老师讲授的问题,先注意听,下课后整理一下笔记,反复思考一下这些问题,抓住老师所讲的重点,难点和考点。总之,上课时要做到耳听、眼观、嘴动、脑想,调动起多个感官来。完成作业,找出问题

学完每一课,要认真完成课后作业。做作业时一定不要看参考书上题的答案,做完后再对答案,对于作业中所出现的不明白的问题,应该记下来,等下次上课时提出来。做作业是英语学习的很重要的环节,它是消化知识和巩固知识的过程,一定要认真完成规定的作业,笔头作业要动一动笔,口头作业要动一动嘴,提高听力要练一练耳,课文在听和读的基础上,最好背诵某些精彩段落。总之,要做大量的练习,英语是练出来的,一定不要偷懒。及时复习,巩固知识

学会了的东西随着时间的流逝会逐渐遗忘,但学语言有遗忘现象是正常的。更不必因为有遗忘现象而影响自己学好英语的信心与决心。问题在于怎样来减轻遗忘的程度。善于类比,总结知识,把新学的知识同过去学的有关的知识进行横向和纵向比较和联系。建立错误档案记录,加深印象,以避免再反同样错误。我们大部分知识和技能是靠重复获得的,及时复习对于记忆非常必要,学英语就是要坚持天天不断的练,不断地重复基本句型,常用词汇和基本语法等。学习英语的过程也是同遗忘做斗争的过程。

总而言之,只要你能做到下定决心学,注意学习方法,把课前预习,认真听课,完成作业,及时复习这些环节作好了,你一定能够学好英语

★哈佛大学★英语系研究,美国布什推荐。专为中小学生英语量身定做。

官方网站:哈佛大学英语教授研究组提供

★清华大学★英语系测试:为中小学生英语量身定做.官方网站:清华大学英语教授50年研究成果

201*---201*学年(下)第一次阶段练习(ClassB.C.D)姓名:_______原班级:______考试时间:45分钟分值:120分

分层次教学进行了三周了,大家在这种新的教学模式下学习情况是我们一直关心的事。下面就让你们的成绩告诉我们你们有多棒吧!

I.单项选择(每小题2分,共40分)

()1.Where_____she_________?---SheisfromShanghai.

A.is,fromB.does,fromC.be,from

()2.Isthereapostofficenearhere?

A.Yes,thereis.B.No,itisn’tC.Yes,there

isn’t.

()3.________.Where’sthebank?It’sonGreenStreet.A.ExcusemeB.SorryC.Hello()4.Where_____helive?He___Tokyo.

A.is,liveinB.is,livesinC.does,livesin()5.Let’sgoand___thedolphins.

A.seeB.listenC.look

()6.Thisisthe_____ofthegardentour.

.A.beginB.tobeginC.beginning()7.Hesleeps____day,but____nightheeatsleaves.

A.during,attheB.duringthe,atC.during,at

()8.Welcome_____mynewhouse.

A.toB.inC/

()9.____________?Becausetheyaresmart.

A.Whatisit?B.Howarethey?C.Whydoyoulikemonkeys?D.Wherearepandas

from?

()10.Jennywants____anactor.

A.beB.tobeC.is

()11.It’s_____excitingjob.Ilikeit.

A.anB.aC./

()12.What____Mary____tobe?

A.do,wantB.does,wantsC.does,want

()13.Pleasewrite____meandtellme____yourself.

A.to,ofB.to,aboutC.with,about()14.BridgeStreetisagoodplacetohave_____.

A.funB.afunC.funs

()15.Godownthisstreet,youcanfindaschoolnext___abank.

A.onB.toC.in

()16.Ihaveasmallhouse_____aninterestinggarden.

A.withB.forC.to

()17.Bridgestreetisagoodplacetohave___.

A.funsB.afunC.funs

()18.Thereisarestaurant____theparkandthehotel.

A.acrossfromB.betweenC.behind

()19.Myfatherisadoctor.Heworksina____

A.restaurantB.bankC.hospital.

()20.Sheworksinaschool____anEnglishteacher.

A.likeB.asC.at

II.从B栏中找出与A栏中各句相对应的答语(20分)

(A)

()1.Isheyournewpenpal?A.HelivesinNewYork.

()2.Whatdoesyoursisterwanttobe?B.Shewantstobeadoctor.

()3.Whereisyourpenpalfrom?C.Yes,heis.

()4.WheredoesSamlive?D.SheisfromCanada

()5.DoesMikehaveanybrothersandsisters?E.No,hedoesn’t.

(B)

A.Yes,hedoes.

B.Hewantstobeapoliceman.

C.Yes,heis.

D.Heteachesmathinamiddleschool.

E.It’sverydangerous.

A:Amy,isyourfatherabankclerk?B:_________

A:Doeshelikehisjob?

B:No,he’stoobusy._______

A.Whydoeshewanttobeapoliceman?_____

B:It’sdangerousbutreallyexciting.Whataboutyourfather?A:He’sateacher.He______B:Doeshelikehisjob?

A:_______Hethinksit’sveryinteresting.

1.

1.WhereisLeiHaofrom?

A.He’sfromChinaB.He’sfromJapanC.He’sfromDalian,China.

2.LeiHao’sfavoritesportsare______.A.Basketballandfootball.

B.Ping-pongandfootballC.Basketballandfootball

3.Whatfooddoesn’tLeiHaolike?A.Applesandtomatoes.B.meatandoranges.C.Eeggsandapples.

4.WhatlanguagedoesLeiHaospeak?

A.HespeaksChineseandalittleFrench.B.HespeaksChinese.C.HespeaksJapanese.

5.Ifyouwanttomakefriends(交朋友)withLeiHao,whatcanyoudo?

A.WriteanE-mail.B.Makeaphonecall.C.Writealetter.

IV.选词填空.(每小题1分,共10分)kindofmyyearshiscleverhavetimeiseatssleepsHello,boysandgirls!_______nameisLingLing.I’mfive________old.I’mfromChina.I’mverybeautiful,butI’m

____________shy.NowI_______anewfriend.______nameis

III阅读理解(每小题2分,共10分)Bill.HeisfromAustralia.Heisonlythreeyearsold.Heisvery_________.Ilikehimverymuch.Healways_______duringtheday,butatnighthegetsupand___________leaves.Mytelephonenumber___896-6784.Oh,IliveintheGreenzoo.Ifyouhave_______,pleasecometoseeme.V.完形填空(每空两分,共20分)DearStudent,

MynameisBob.Ilive1Toronto,Canada,andIwantapenpalinChina.IthinkChinais2interestingcountry.I’m143oldandmybirthdayis4November.Ican5Englishand6French.Ihaveabrother,Paul,andasister,Sarah.TheyhavepenpalsintheUnitedKingdomandAustralia.Ilike7tothemovies8myfriendsand9sports.MyfavoritesubjectinschoolisP.E.It’sfun.Idon’tlikemath.It’stoodifficult!

Canyouwrite10mesoon?

Bob()1.A.inB.onC.at()2.A.aB.anC.the()3.A.yearB.monthsC.years()4.A.atB.OnC.in()5.A.sayB.tellCspeak

()6.A.alittleB.manyC.afew()7.A.goingB.goesC.go()8.A.toB.withC.for()9.A.toplayB.playsC.playing()10.A.toB.forC.at

VI.拼写单词(每空一分,共10分)1.Sheisfrom________(加拿大)

2.Thekoalasarevery__________(可爱的)

3.Sheisvery________(害羞的),______(所以)pleasebequiet.4Heisapoliceman,hisjobis_____________(有点)dangerous.5.What________(其他的)animalsdoyou_________(喜欢)?6.Myhouseisbetweenabigsupermarketandas______supermarket.

7.Iwanttogotothez_____becauseIwanttoseethegiraffes.VII句型转换:(每空一分,共10分)1.Heisadoctor.(就划线提问)What_______he_______?2.Iwanttobeanactor(就划线提问)

What_____you___________________?3.Thereisanoldhoternearhere.(改为一般疑问句)_______thereanoldhotel______here?4.Mysisterworksinahospital.(就划线提问)______________yoursisterwork?

★清华大学★英语系测试:为中小学生英语量身定做.官方网站:清华大学英语教授50年研究成果

初二英语下学期期末试题

(本试卷满分120分,请将答案填写在答题纸上)

I.单项填空(本题共20小题,每小题1分,满分20分)

从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项

1.Inwinterwhenit’swarmoutsidehere,peoplewouldliketodosome______sports.

A.interestingB.waterC.outdoorD.exciting

2.Ourheadteacheriskindtous.Weseeher______afriendofours.

A.forB.asC.toD.on

3.Mostgirlsliketo________dollsofBarbiewhileboyslikemodelcars.

A.makeB.collectC.mendD.paint

4.WhenIstayathomebymyselfonarainyday,Ioftenfeel______andunhappy.

A.lonelyB.livelyC.lovelyD.friendly5.---Motheroften_________thekitchenaftercooking.SometimesIhelpherdoit.

A.tidiesupB.wakesupC.getsupD.putsup6._______doyouthinkyourfuturewillbelike?---Wonderful,Ithink.

A.A.HowB.WhichC.WhatD.Why

7.---Ienjoyreadingbooksathomeduringweekends.---___________

A.Comethisway.B.Goodidea!C.Doyoureally?D.Me,too!

8.Theoldmancanrememberwhathappenedmanyyearsago.Hehasagood______.

A.mindB.memoryC.headD.heart9.Ourschoolfootballteamhaswoneverymatchthisyear.Wefeel

very_______them.

A.famousforB.proudofC.interestedinD.angrywith

10.Whenyoucheckyourhomework,please________forspellingmistakes.

A.lookatB.lookoutC.lookupD.lookthrough11.---Didyouwatchthefootballmatchlastnight?---Yes.It’shardtobelieve.Thestrongestteam______thematch.

A.wonB.lostC.beatD.failed12.Ihaven’tseenhimforyearsbuthehas_______changedatall.A.quicklyB.nearlyC.hardlyD.lately

13.WhatdidMarysay?Shesaid______shewantedtohaveanicecream.

A.ifB.whenC.thatD.whether14.---Ifelldownandhurtmylegsyesterday.---___________

A.I’msorry!B.Ah,that’snice!C.Lookatthat!D.Lookafteryourself!

15.Grandpamightgototheparkforawalk,butit________theweather.

A.hopesforB.dreamsofC.dependsonD.countsdown

16.---Look!Thefactoryispouringwastegasintothesky!---That’sterrible!Whynot______themdoingthat?

A.avoidB.protectC.suggestD.stop17.I’mreally__________ourholiday.IwanttogoonatriptoHainan.

A.lookingforwardtoB.friendlytoC.facetofacewithD.thinkingof

18.Herefusedtogiveupsmoking________thedoctorsaiditwasbadforhishealth.

A.becauseB.ifC.whyD.although

19.Sallysaidthatherhandandarm______,soshedidn’twanttoplayattheconcert.

hurtB.brokenC.burnD.crossed

20.---Sorry,Ididn’tknowitwasaone-waystreet,officer.---__________.

A.That’sallright.B.Sorry,butthere’snoexcuse.C.Thesametoyou.D.What’supthere?II.完型填空(一).(共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意。然后从各题所给的四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

Jimmystartedpaintingwhenhewasfouryearsold.Whenhewassix,hewasalreadyverygoodatit.He___21____manybeautifulandinterestingpictures,andpeople____22____alotofmoneyforthem.Theysaid,—Thisboy’sgoingtobe____23____whenhe’salittleolder,andthenwe’regoingto____24____thesepicturesforalotmoremoney.Thenwewillgetrich.‖Jimmy’spictureswere____25____fromotherpeople’sbecauseheneverpaintedonthewholepieceof____26____.Hepaintedonhalfofit,andtheotherhalfwasalways____27____.—That’sveryclever,‖everyonesaid,—____28____elsedoesthat!‖

OnedaysomebodyboughtoneofJimmy’s____29____andthensaidtohim,—Pleasetellmethis,Jimmy.Whydoyoupaintonthebottom(底部)halfofyourpaper,butnotonthe____30____half?‖

—BecauseI’msmall,‖Jimmysaid,—andmybrushesdon’treachveryhigh.‖

21.A.tookB.borrowedC.lentD.painted

22.A.paidB.boughtC.wantedD.needed

23.A.youngB.famousC.shortD.cool

24.A.fillB.buyC.sellD.draw

25.A.differentB.similarC.swayD.good26.A.glassB.floorC.paperD.table

27.A.emptyB.fullC.dirtyD.blue

28.A.AnybodyB.SomebodyC.EverybodyD.Nobody

29.A.brushesB.booksC.picturesD.pens

30.A.middleB.toC.rightD.left

III.阅读理解(一)(本题共15小题,每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从各题所给的四个选项中,选出最佳选项。(A)Coolfactsaroundtheworld

(1)BeforeDisneymade—TheLionking‖,thefilmmakersspenttwoweeksinAfrica.Theywatchedlionscatchanimals.Theyevenplayedwithbabylions.Thentheydrewpicturestocreate(创造)lionsinthefilm.

(2)OnNewYear’sEve,everyfamilyinDenmark(丹麦)collectsbrokenpiecesofcupsorglassesintheirhouses.Thentheysecretlyputthesepiecesatthedoorsoftheirfriends’

(3)Haveyoueverplayedcards?Thefour

suits(花色)meanthefourseasons:spring,

summer,autumnandwinter.Thetwocolors,

redandblack,meandayandnight.The52

cardsmeanthe52weeksoftheyear.Ineach

suit,thereare13cards.Thisisforthe13

weeksineachseasonoftheyear.31.In

Passage(1)thefilmmakersstayedinAfricato_______.A.playwithbabylionsB.drawpicturesoflions

C.watchhowlionscatchanimalsD.createlionsinthefilm

32.AccordingtoPassage(2),peoplewillhavehappiernewyearifthey_______.

houseslateatnight.Thenextmorning,theygetuptoseehowmanypiecesthereareinfrontoftheirownhouses.Themorepiecesthereare,themorefriendstheyhave.Andthenewyearwillbehappier.A.breakmorecupsorglassesinfrontoftheirownhousesB.getmorepiecesofcupsorglassesinfrontoftheirownhouses

C.collectmorepiecesofcupsorglassesinfrontoftheirfriends’houses

D.putmorepiecesofcupsorglassesatthedoorsoftheirfriends’houses

33.InPassage(3),the13cardsmeanthenumberof_____ineachseasonoftheyear.

A.monthsB.weeksC.daysD.nights

34.Passage(3)mainlytellsabout_________.

A.cardsuitsB.cardcolorsC.cardmeaningsD.cardgames

35.Youcanreadtheseinterestingfactsprobably_________.A.inadiaryB.inanoticeC.onapostcardD.inanewspaper(B)

I’mSteve.IwasbornandgrewupinSouthWales.Myfavoriteplacetoplaywasoutonthehills.There,myimaginationhadplentyofspacetoexpand(拓展).

MyfamilymovedoutofWaleswhenIwasthirteen.Iwenttoanewschool.OneofmysubjectswasFrench.BecauseIhadneverlearnedanyFrench,myteachertoldmetositinthecornerandwriteanythingIwasinterestedin.That’sthetimeIstartedwriting,justformyself,andI’vebeenwritingeversince.IhavealwayslovedBIGIDEAS,andsoIenjoywritingfantasticstories.AndIalsowritehorror(恐怖的)stories.Ithinktheyareliketheoldfairytales(童话故事).Andcanteachyouimportantthings.

I’minmyfortiesontheoutside,twelveontheinside.Ilikerockmusic,IndianandChinesefood,andIenjoydrinking.IliveinasmallvillagewithmywifeMary,ducks,cats,goats,hensandlotsofrabbits.Ifyou’dliketofindoutmoreaboutmeandhopetobuymybooks,gotosbowkett.Freeserve.co.uk36.Whenhewas13,thewriter_______.

A.wrotelotsofpoemsB.movedoutofWalesC.soldmanystorybooksD.becameafamoussinger

37.Helikedplayingoutonthehillsbecausehecould________.A.expandhisimaginationB.learnFrenchC.listentomusicD.buysomebooks38.Maybethewriteris________yearsoldnow.

A.12B.22C.32D.39.Accordingtothepassage,thewriterkeeps__________.A.cats,hens,andpigsB.ducks,goatsandrabbits

C.hens,rabbitsanddogsD.rabbits,pigsandcats

40.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthatthewriter__________.A.livesinabigcitywithhissonB.likeseatingJapaneseandIndianfood

C.livesinthecountrysidewithhiswifeD.introducesanicebooktous(C)

Amancamehomefromworklate,tired,tofindhis5-year-oldsonwaitingforhimatthedoor.

—Daddy,howmuchmoneydoyoumakeanhour?‖—Ifyoumustknow,Imake$20anhour.‖

—Oh,‖thelittleboyreplied,withhisheaddown.Hethoughtforamoment,lookedupandsaid,—Daddy,couldyoulendme$10?‖

Thefatherwasfurious,—Ifyouaskedforthemoneytobuyatoyorsomeotherrubbish,thengostraighttoyourroomandthinkaboutwhyyouarebeingsoselfish(自私的)!‖

Thelittleboyquietlywenttohisroomandshutthedoor.Afteraboutanhourorso,thefathercalmed(平静)down,andstartedtothink,—Maybehereallyneedstobuysomethingandhedidn’treallyaskformoneyveryoften.‖Sohewenttothelittleboy’sroom.

—Sorry!MaybeIwastoohardonyoujustnow.‖saidtheman,—Here’s$10.‖

—Oh,thankyou,Daddy!‖hesaidhappily.Thentheboytookoutsomecoins.Whenthefatherfoundthattheboyalreadyhadmoney,hegotangryagain.

—Whydoyouwantmoremoneysinceyoualreadyhavesome?‖thefathershoutedangrily.

—BecauseIdidn’thaveenough,butnowIdo.‖Thelittleboyreplied,—Daddy,Ihave$20now.CanIbuyanhourofyourtime?Pleasecomehomeearlytomorrow.Iwouldliketohavedinnerwithyou.‖

41.Howmuchdoestheboy’sfathermakeanhour?__________.A.$10B.$20C.$30D.$40

42.Inthispassage,theunderlinedword—furious‖means__________.

A.veryangryB.quitehappyC.tooexcitedD.alittlenervous43.Atfirst,thefatherrefusedtolendtheboyanymoneybecause________.

A.hedidnothaveenoughmoneyatthatmoment

B.hethoughttheboywantedtokeepthemoneyforhimselfC.hethoughttheboywouldbuysomethingofnouseD.theboyalwaysborrowedmoneyfromhim

44.Theboywantedtobuy_________withtwentydollars.A.anewbookforhimselfB.anicepresentforhisfather

C.atoyforhisownbirthdayD.anhourofhisfather’stime

45.Fromthepassage,wecaninfer(推断)thattheboy’sfather_________.

A.oftenplayedwithhissonB.spentlittletimewithhisson

C.didn’tlovehissonatallD.oftencamebackhomeearly

IV.情景交际(本题共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据对话内容选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,有两项为多余选项。

A:Hi,Tina._____46_____?B:Itwasfantastic,reallyfantastic.

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